Conservation of Energy and Momentum

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around a physics problem involving the conservation of energy and momentum, specifically in the context of a 1g object on a frictionless surface being illuminated by light of a certain frequency. The original poster is trying to determine how many photons the object absorbs to reach a specific velocity.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Assumption checking, Conceptual clarification

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • The original poster attempts to solve the problem using two different approaches: conservation of energy and conservation of momentum, but arrives at conflicting results. Some participants question the validity of the energy conservation approach in this context, suggesting that the collision is inelastic.

Discussion Status

The discussion is ongoing, with participants exploring the implications of the different approaches. Guidance has been offered regarding the reliability of momentum conservation over energy conservation in this scenario. There is also a query about the fate of the energy that is not accounted for in the calculations.

Contextual Notes

Participants are considering the nature of the collision and the potential conversion of energy, with suggestions that energy could be lost as heat or possibly converted into electrical energy, depending on the system setup.

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Homework Statement


I have a 1g object on a frictionless surface being hit with light of a frequency 632nm (directly parrallel to the surface and the object absorbs all the light). How many photons did the object absorb by the time it's moving at 1mm/s?


Homework Equations




The Attempt at a Solution


Well I worked it out two different ways and I got two different answers:

My first attempt is via conservation of energy:
n*h*c/lambda + m*c^2 = gamma*m*c^2
where
n is the number of photons
h is Planck's constant
c is the speed of light
lambda is the wavelength
m is the mass of the object
gamma is the 1/sqrt(1-v^2/c^2)
Then I solved for n.

My second attempt is via conservation of momentum:
n*h/lambda = gamma*m*v
Then I solved for n.

In both cases I got different answers. So I'm not sure what's wrong.
 
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Trust conservation of momentum before you trust a naive conservation of energy calc. The collision is inelastic.
 
Ok thanks. But what happened to the energy? Did it radiate as heat or something?
 
Some of it could have been converted into electrical energy if the surface is connected to a power grid. Conservation can't tell you where it went. But yes, most likely answer is heat.
 

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