From the last source:
How did the mainstream press get it so wrong? How did the evidence disputing the existence of weapons of mass destruction and the link between Saddam Hussein to 9-11 continue to go largely unreported? "What the conservative media did was easy to fathom; they had been cheerleaders for the White House from the beginning and were simply continuing to rally the public behind the President — no questions asked. How mainstream journalists suspended skepticism and scrutiny remains an issue of significance that the media has not satisfactorily explored," says Moyers. "How the administration marketed the war to the American people has been well covered, but critical questions remain: How and why did the press buy it, and what does it say about the role of journalists in helping the public sort out fact from propaganda?"
Actually, good question. How can millions of honest, fair people, only wanting to do good, be so mislead and want to go to war. Actually, this is exactly how you to go war. Same symptoms were there in both camps prior WWI and in Germany prior to WWII and most definitely during the cold war. It’s all about the notion of a horrible enemy, who will harm us. So, we have to join our camps nationally and with the alies and face the threat together as we are honestly convinced that we are morally right and they are wrong. That notion seems to be unanimous as nobody respectful speaks up against it. And everybody who speaks up is a disloyal crook anyway.
So, we also have to rationalize the ethical consequences of going to war, and not expressing doubts that we may have and the role of the role of the press is obvious. A reporter cannot jeopardize the good cause for the country and ventilate criticism.
Incidentally it’s very likely that in the ‘enemy’ camp exactly the same happens. As I mentioned several times before, it’s called http://www.cedu.niu.edu/~fulmer/groupthink.htm
See the eight symptoms:
Illusion of Invulnerability: Members ignore obvious danger, take extreme risk, and are overly optimistic.
Collective Rationalization: Members discredit and explain away warning contrary to group thinking.
Illusion of Morality: Members believe their decisions are morally correct, ignoring the ethical consequences of their decisions.
Excessive Stereotyping:The group constructs negative sterotypes of rivals outside the group.
Pressure for Conformity: Members pressure any in the group who express arguments against the group's stereotypes, illusions, or commitments, viewing such opposition as disloyalty.
Self-Censorship: Members withhold their dissenting views and counter-arguments.
Illusion of Unanimity: Members perceive falsely that everyone agrees with the group's decision; silence is seen as consent.
Mindguards: Some members appoint themselves to the role of protecting the group from adverse information that might threaten group complacency.
Would that fit the picture? Mind you, you don't do it on purpose, it's completely natural. In hindsight I see that I was victim of groupthink on several occasions, most severely during the cold war. We were very lucky with the
Mutual Assured Destruction concept. Problably the only reason why this extreme form of groupthink did not end in disaster.
So I can't repeat it often enough, a very important part of the school education should be learning about the implications about teamwork versus groupthink.
Some literature:
http://class.et.byu.edu/mfg130/powerpoint/Teams_&_Teamwork.ppt
http://www.uni-konstanz.de/FuF/Verwiss/GSchneider/lehre/Political%20Psychology%20Course%20outline%20SoSe%202005.doc