Differential Equation Problem Help

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion revolves around solving a differential equation related to the spread of a rumor in a city with a population of 100,000. The rate of increase of individuals who have heard the rumor is modeled by the equation dx/dt = k(100000 - x), where k is a constant. The solution reveals that it will take approximately 46 days for half of the population to hear the rumor, derived from integrating the equation and applying initial conditions.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of differential equations, specifically separable equations.
  • Familiarity with the natural growth equation dx/dt = kx.
  • Knowledge of exponential functions and their properties.
  • Ability to apply initial conditions to solve for constants in differential equations.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the method of solving separable differential equations in detail.
  • Learn about the application of initial conditions in differential equations.
  • Explore the concept of exponential growth and decay in mathematical modeling.
  • Investigate real-world applications of differential equations in social dynamics.
USEFUL FOR

Students and educators in mathematics, particularly those focused on calculus and differential equations, as well as anyone interested in modeling population dynamics and information spread.

bigallah
Messages
2
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement


A certain piece of dubious information about phenylethylamine in the drinking water began to spread one day in a city with a population of 100,000. Within a week, 10,000 people had heard this rumor. Assume that the rate of increase of the number who have heard the rumor is proportional to the number who have not heard it. How long will it be until half the population of the city has heard the rumor?


Homework Equations


(Possibly): Natural Growth equation: dx/dt = kx (where k is a constant)


The Attempt at a Solution


I really have no clue how to do this.

I've tried setting it up where dx/dt = k(100000 - x) and integrating, but I'm always left with two unknown constants.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
lmao sorry for wasting everyone's time, but I just worked out the answer myself. I'll explain it for those who are interested and then the thread can be locked or whatever.

Solution:
let x stand for the amount of the population that HAS heard the rumor
it follows that 100000-x is then the number that HASN'T heard the rumor
let dx/dt be the derivative of x with respect to time (in days)

dx/dt = k(100000-x)
where k is a constant

Solving the separable differential equation leads to:

x = 100000 - C*exp^(kt)
where C is a constant

Plug in the initial conditions:
x(7) = 10000 = 100000 - C*exp^(k*7)
which goes to:
90000 = C*exp^(7k)

I was screwing up before because I failed to assume another initial condition:
Assume x(0) = 0:
x(0) = 0 = 100000 - C*exp^(k*0)
which leads to:
C=100000

Plugging C into: 90000 = C*exp^(7k) and solving for k gives:
k=-.051

Then when you know all the constants, just solve for t in the eqn:

50000 = 100000 - C*exp^(kt)

t is about 46 days
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
3K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
7K
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 10 ·
Replies
10
Views
4K
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 9 ·
Replies
9
Views
2K
  • · Replies 12 ·
Replies
12
Views
5K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
2K