Differential vs. Derivative of a multivariable function

[AxiomOfChoice]

Consider a (possibly complex-valued) function F(z) = F(x,y) of two variables. Can it make sense to talk about the differential dF of this function without it having a derivative dF/dz? Or must F be differentiable before we can even start talking about dF?

 

[HallsofIvy]

Yes, F must be "differentiable" in order to have a "differential"!

 

[quasar987]

Mh, why is that?

I thought that by definition, dF is the formal expression

dF=\frac{\partial F}{\partial x}dx+\frac{\partial F}{\partial y}dy

So existence of partial derivatives is sufficient to make sense of dF.

 

[AxiomOfChoice]

Mh, why is that?

I thought that by definition, dF is the formal expression

dF=\frac{\partial F}{\partial x}dx+\frac{\partial F}{\partial y}dy

So existence of partial derivatives is sufficient to make sense of dF.

This is precisely what I thought! We only need the partials to exist to make sense out of dF. But as we all know, the existence of partials is insufficient to guarantee differentiability.

 

[HallsofIvy]

Well, you can write
df= \frac{\partial f}{\partial x}dx+ \frac{\partial f}{\partial y}
as long as the partial derivatives exist but to what point? None of the properties of a differential work unless f is differentiable.