Doppler effects and relativity

In summary, the conversation discusses the behavior of wavefronts and particles in a medium traveling at the speed of light, and the effects of the Doppler effect at relativistic speeds. It is noted that nothing with mass can travel at the speed of light, and that the behavior of particles at this speed may require further understanding through quantum mechanics.
  • #1
arnesinnema
13
0
I’ve got a question.

Say we have a medium traveling through a pipe at speed v. The soundspeed of the medium is vs. The speed of the wavefronts to an stationary are approximately v-vs and v+vs when both v and vs are much smaller than the lightspeed c. However what happens when v=c? Do the wavefronts move with apparent speed v-vs and v+0 or do they appear to be frozen i.e. v-0 and v+0.

On a similar note, say an electron is traveling around one of the medium atoms in a plane parallel to the direction of movement of the atom. Say the electron is first placed at the front, can it than move backwards? But will stay there? I.e. it cannot move forwards since than the combined speed (relative to the stationary observer) would exceed the speed of light.
I.e. what happens to the Doppler effect at relativistic speeds?

Admittedly I’m not an expert ;).

Regards Arne Sinnema
 
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  • #2
However what happens when v=c?

For a medium like water?
Water consists of massive particles (molecules/atoms), which cannot travel at the speed of light.
Nothing massive (m > 0) can reach the speed of light.

If your water goes at ##v_{sound}##, your sound wave should "stand still".

For combined speed you might want to check http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velocity-addition_formula#Special_theory_of_relativity.

traveling around one of the medium atoms

That is not easy to answer, you will probably need quantum mechanics for that.
 

1. What is the Doppler effect?

The Doppler effect is the change in frequency or wavelength of a wave in relation to the observer's motion. This effect can be observed in various types of waves, such as sound waves, light waves, and water waves.

2. How does the Doppler effect relate to relativity?

The Doppler effect is closely related to relativity because it takes into account the relative motion between the source of the wave and the observer. This is important in the theory of relativity, as it explains how the perception of time and space can be affected by the relative motion between objects.

3. What is the difference between the Doppler effect in sound waves and light waves?

The main difference between the Doppler effect in sound waves and light waves is the medium in which they travel. Sound waves require a medium, such as air or water, to travel through, whereas light waves can travel through a vacuum. This means that the Doppler effect in light waves is not affected by the medium, but only by the relative motion between the source and observer.

4. Can the Doppler effect be observed in everyday life?

Yes, the Doppler effect can be observed in everyday life. For example, the sound of a siren on a moving ambulance will appear to change in pitch as it approaches and passes by. The same effect can also be observed with light, such as the change in color of a car's taillights as it moves towards or away from an observer.

5. How does the Doppler effect impact our understanding of the universe?

The Doppler effect has greatly impacted our understanding of the universe, particularly in the field of astronomy. By observing the redshift or blueshift of light from distant galaxies, we can determine the relative motion between the galaxies and our own. This has led to the discovery of the expansion of the universe and the theory of the Big Bang.

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