Effect of electron addition to various properties of atom

In summary, as electrons occupy the next sub level, the ionization energy and electronegativity decrease, while the atomic radius increases (with some exceptions).
  • #1
HelloImAsh
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Homework Statement


Describe what happens to the ionization energy, electronegativity and atomic radius as electrons occupy the next sub level.


Homework Equations





The Attempt at a Solution


My (probably incorrect) answers:
Ionization Energy: As electrons occupy the next sub level, the ionization energy decreases.
Electronegativity: As electrons occupy the next sub level, the electronegativity decreases.
Atomic Radius: As electrons occupy the next sub level, the atomic radius increases.
 
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  • #2


Your answers are partially correct. Let me explain in more detail:

Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion. As electrons occupy the next sub level, they are further away from the nucleus and therefore experience less attraction. This makes it easier to remove an electron, resulting in a decrease in ionization energy.

Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons towards itself. As electrons occupy the next sub level, they are farther away from the nucleus and therefore experience less attraction. This makes it less likely for the atom to attract additional electrons, resulting in a decrease in electronegativity.

Atomic radius is the distance from the nucleus to the outermost electron. As electrons occupy the next sub level, they are added to higher energy levels and are farther away from the nucleus. This increases the size of the atom, resulting in an increase in atomic radius. However, it is important to note that the trend of atomic radius can vary depending on the element and its position on the periodic table. For example, as you move from left to right across a period, the atomic radius generally decreases due to an increase in the number of protons in the nucleus, resulting in a stronger pull on the electrons and a smaller atomic radius.

I hope this helps clarify the relationship between electron occupancy and the changes in ionization energy, electronegativity, and atomic radius.
 

1. How does adding electrons affect the size of an atom?

As electrons are added to an atom, the size of the atom increases. This is because the added electrons increase the electron-electron repulsion within the atom, causing the outermost electron shell to expand and the overall size of the atom to increase.

2. What happens to an atom's ionization energy when electrons are added?

The ionization energy, or the energy required to remove an electron from an atom, decreases as electrons are added. This is due to the increased electron-electron repulsion, making it easier to remove an electron from the atom.

3. How does electron addition affect an atom's reactivity?

The addition of electrons can greatly impact an atom's reactivity. If an atom gains enough electrons to fill its outermost electron shell, it becomes stable and less reactive. However, if an atom gains fewer electrons, it may become more reactive as it tries to gain or lose electrons to achieve a full outer shell.

4. Can adding electrons change an atom's chemical properties?

Yes, adding electrons can significantly alter an atom's chemical properties. As electrons are added, the electron configuration of the atom changes, which can affect its ability to bond with other atoms and its overall chemical behavior.

5. What role do added electrons play in an atom's electrical conductivity?

Adding electrons can greatly enhance an atom's electrical conductivity. This is because the added electrons increase the number of mobile charge carriers in the atom, allowing for easier flow of electric current.

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