Energy conversion difference in permanent magnet vs. field coil motor

In summary, the main difference between permanent magnet motors and field coil motors is the way they create magnetic fields, which can affect their efficiency and energy conversion. Permanent magnet motors are generally more energy efficient due to their simpler design and lack of external power source, and have higher efficiency and power density. They are also becoming more popular in industrial applications. However, field coil motors are still commonly used in heavy-duty applications. The type of motor used can greatly impact the overall performance of a system, with permanent magnet motors offering higher efficiency and performance in most cases.
  • #1
BruceRH80
1
0
New here, hello all.
My question is more about the field magnet in a running DC motor. First of all, does the current required to maintain a magnetic field change with the load on the motor? And if so, where would this "extra energy" come from in a permanent magnet DC motor?
 
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  • #2
The field winding has higher resistance then the armature winding (perhaps three orders of magnitude?). I don't believe the field current changes much with motor load.
 

1. What is the difference between a permanent magnet motor and a field coil motor in terms of energy conversion?

The main difference between these two types of motors lies in the way they generate magnetic fields. In a permanent magnet motor, the magnetic field is created by permanent magnets, while in a field coil motor, the field is created by energizing a coil of wire with an electrical current. This difference in the method of creating the magnetic field can affect the efficiency and energy conversion of the motor.

2. Which type of motor is more energy efficient?

In general, permanent magnet motors tend to be more energy efficient than field coil motors. This is because they do not require an external power source to generate the magnetic field, reducing energy consumption and losses. Additionally, permanent magnet motors have a simpler design and fewer moving parts, which can contribute to their higher efficiency.

3. How does the energy conversion efficiency of these motors differ?

The energy conversion efficiency of both types of motors can vary depending on various factors such as the design, operating conditions, and load. However, permanent magnet motors typically have a higher efficiency due to the reasons mentioned before. Some studies have shown that permanent magnet motors can achieve efficiencies of over 90%, while field coil motors may have efficiencies in the range of 80-85%.

4. Which type of motor is more commonly used in industrial applications?

Permanent magnet motors are becoming increasingly popular in industrial applications due to their higher efficiency, lower maintenance costs, and compact design. They are commonly used in electric vehicles, robotics, and renewable energy systems. However, field coil motors are still commonly used in heavy-duty applications such as electric trains and elevators.

5. Can the type of motor affect the overall performance of a system?

Yes, the type of motor used in a system can have a significant impact on its overall performance. As mentioned before, permanent magnet motors tend to have higher energy conversion efficiency, which can result in cost savings and improved performance. They also have higher power density and a faster response time, making them suitable for high-performance applications. However, field coil motors may still be preferred in certain situations, such as when high torque is required at low speeds.

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