Energy Problems (Help Greatly Needed)

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The discussion revolves around difficulties in solving physics homework problems related to energy concepts. The user is struggling with deriving the correct equations for various scenarios, particularly involving blocks, hanging masses, and friction. Specific issues include discrepancies in calculated velocities and confusion over the role of angles and friction in the equations. Suggestions from other participants emphasize the need to revisit the problem statements and consider all forces, including friction, when applying energy conservation principles. Clarification on the correct equations and their application is essential for accurate problem-solving.
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I am having some difficulty answering a few problems on my physics homework.
I don't think that I am coming up with the right equations for given situations in the problems. The questions are as follows:

1. http://herograw.com/8-31.JPG

For this question I am getting - \frac{1}{2} m_1v^2 - \frac{1}{2} m_1v^2+m_2g\Delta h=-m_1\mu_kd where m1 is the block in contact with the surface and m2 is the hanging sphere. When I solve the equation for v (velocity), I get v=4.77 m/s. However, I should be getting a result of 3.74 m/s.

2. http://herograw.com/8-48.JPG

For this equation I get mgy_{max}-mgh=-mg \mu_k d but there needs to be something with the angle to derive that equation given in the problem.

3. http://herograw.com/8-60.JPG
http://herograw.com/figure8.60.JPG

When doing part (a) I was using the equation \frac{1}{2} m v^2+\frac{1}{2} k d^2=0to find d. I got d=0.424 m but for part (b) I would just get v=3 m/s which is given in the question when the object is moving to the right. I'm not sure if this is right or if I'm approaching the question correctly.

4. http://herograw.com/8-72.JPG

For this question I was able to find part (b) but I'm not sure how to start in finding part (a).

Any Help is greatly appreciated.
 
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1)

You should have

\frac{1}{2}m_{1}v^2 + \frac{1}{2}m_{2}v^2 - m_{2}gh = -\mu m_{1}gh

2)
You should have

mgy_{max} - mgh = -\mu mgcos\theta \frac{y_{max}}{sin\theta}

3) Read the problem again you seem to forgot friction on this problem
 
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I know that there is friction but when does it need to be accounted for?

If I were to use \frac{1}{2} mv^2+\frac{1}{2} kd^2=-\mu_kmgd I would have two variables to solve for because I do not know what the distance the block is sliding before it reaches the spring. Or are you saying that I need to use this equation for the other parts of the question if that is the right equation.
 
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