Field strength giving rise to a polarization charge of -s.cos(theta) on a cavity

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the calculation of electric field strength at the center of a spherical cavity with a polarization charge of -s.cos(theta). Julia, the learner, initially derives the potential V(r) as A.r.cos(theta) + B.r^-2.cos(theta) and concludes that A should equal s/e0. However, the correct field strength at the center is established as s/3e0. The confusion arises from boundary conditions and the relationship between the potentials inside and outside the cavity, specifically regarding the dependence of Vout on the radial distance r.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electrostatics and electric fields
  • Familiarity with spherical harmonics and their properties
  • Knowledge of boundary conditions in electrostatic problems
  • Proficiency in calculus, particularly in differentiation and series expansion
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  • Review the concept of boundary conditions in electrostatics
  • Study spherical harmonics and their applications in potential theory
  • Learn about the relationship between electric field and potential in electrostatics
  • Explore the derivation of electric fields from polarization charges
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This discussion is beneficial for physics students, particularly those studying electromagnetism, as well as educators and researchers focusing on electrostatics and potential theory.

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Hello,
I'm learning EM from Bleaney & Bleaney and got stuck on Ex2.1 (can do Ex2.2-2.7, though...) - If the polarization charge on the surface of a spherical cavity is -s.cos(theta), prove that the field strength at the centre is s/3e0. If I expand V(r) within the cavity as A.r.cos(theta) + B.r^-2.cos(theta), then I agree B=0 or else V(0) would be singular, but that leaves the A term and surface charge = e0Er = -e0(dV/dr) = -e0A.cos(theta) and hence A = s/e0 not s/3e0 - what am I doing wrong?
Thanks,
Julia
 
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Check your boundary condition. Is that statement really true when the potential outside the boundary is not constant in 'r'?:wink:
 
gabbagabbahey said:
Check your boundary condition. Is that statement really true when the potential outside the boundary is not constant in 'r'?:wink:

I've been thinking that the potential outside the cavity (radius R) could be written Vout(r) = B_1.r.cos(theta)+B_2.r^-2.cos(theta), then, and the boundary conditions are that Vout(R)=Vin(R) which implies:
A = B_1 + B_2 R^-2
and that e0E_in,radial(R) = eE_out,radial(R) (where e is the permittivity of the medium surrounding the cavity) which implies:
-e0.A = -e(B_1 - 2B_2.R^-3)
But your reply (thanks!) suggests that I'm doing something fundamentally wrong here - am I wrong to take Vin = A.r.cos(theta) because the Vout depends on r? I see that something of the form B.r would help, but I thought each power of r had do go with a certain power of cos(theta) to make a valid spherical harmonic?
Thanks, Julia
 

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