To determine the minimum volume of ice needed to keep a 60 kg person afloat, the discussion emphasizes applying Archimedes' principle, which states that the buoyant force equals the weight of the displaced fluid. Participants clarify that the buoyant force should be calculated using the density of water (1000 kg/m³) rather than ice. The total downward force includes both the weight of the person and the ice, leading to the equation where the total weight equals the buoyant force. The correct volume of ice required is derived from balancing these forces, ultimately indicating a need for further calculations to arrive at the accurate volume. The conversation highlights the importance of considering both the person and the ice when calculating buoyancy.