Function required to be integral - (measure theory?)

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on a theorem in measure theory that states if a functional \( i \) takes a function \( f \) and a region \( R \), and satisfies properties such as linearity in \( f \) and additivity (i.e., \( i(f, R1) + i(f, R2) = i(f, R) \) for disjoint regions), then \( i \) must be the integral of \( f \). The properties mentioned include translation invariance and the condition that if \( f(x) = 1 \) for \( x \) in \( R \), then \( i \) returns the area of \( R \). This theorem is foundational in measure theory, specifically related to the uniqueness of the Lebesgue measure.

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jbusc
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Hi,

Some time ago one of my professors told us about a remarkable theorem, which stated something along the lines of: if a function i takes two arguments, one being another function f, and the other being some region R on which the function f is defined, and this function i satisfies some particular properties (such as linearity in f, if disjoint regions st R1 U R2 = R then i(f, R1) + i(f, R2) = i(f, R), etc) which are similar to the integral, then the function i _must_ be the integral of f.

I later asked him again, and he said it was a basic result in measure theory (which he did not pursue further since it was not a measure theory class). However I have been unable to find this theorem again, partly because I never was quite sure of the exact properties the theorem requires, and also because I never pursued more measure theory. I would really appreciate it if someone could recognize this theorem and either point me to a source, clarify the conditions, or even just tell me what it's called.

Thanks!
 
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Yes, if a functional has the properties that it is linear in f, "additive", "translation invarient", and such that if f(x)= 1 for x in R then the functional returns the area of R, it must be the integral.

Check out
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measure_theory

or goggle on '"Lebesgue measure" uniqueness'
 

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