Getting Power from Voltage and Current

AI Thread Summary
To determine the cost of charging an automotive battery with a constant current of 3 A over 4 hours, the voltage varies according to the equation v(t) = 10 + t/2 V. The power can be calculated using p(t) = i(t)v(t), leading to an average power of 36 W. The total energy required is found by integrating the power function over the charging period, which is then multiplied by the electricity cost of $0.12 per kWh. The discussion highlights the importance of considering the changing voltage during charging to accurately calculate the total energy and cost. Proper integration and unit conversion are essential for obtaining the correct cost of charging the battery.
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Homework Statement


A constant current of 3 A for 4 hours is required to charge an automotive
battery, and the battery's terminal voltage is v(t) = 10 + t/2 V, where t is in hours.
Assuming an electricity cost $0.12 per KWh, what is the cost to charge the battery?

Homework Equations


p(t) = i(t)v(t)

The Attempt at a Solution


So I just thought that I could multiply current (3A) with the voltage (10 + 4h/2)V and get power in watts, which would be 36W. I divide 36 by 1000, 0.036kW, and then I multiply that by the cost ($0.12/kWh) to get some number/h, and then multiply that number by 4 hours to get the cost to charge the battery. However, this isn't giving me the right answer, I would greatly appreciate it if someone could point me in the right direction. Thank you.
 
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The electricity cost is metered by the total amount of energy charged into the battery (Notice: the price of electricity is $0.12 per kilowatt-hour).

You have a changing voltage as the battery charges but a constant current input. What would be the total energy required to charge the battery according to the info in the OP?
 
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Well, I know that energy is the integral of p(t), so would I take the integral with the lower limit being 0 and upper limit being 4, and then multiply that number by the cost of electricity?
 
yes.
 
Alright, thanks a lot for your help. Just to clarify, I took $0.012/kWh, multiplied it by 1kWh/3600000J, and then I got $number/J, and then I calculated for the amount of joules using the integral of my power equation, substituting in 4 for time, and multiplied that number by the price of electricity/joules.
 
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