Hawking Radiation: Does an Astronaut Ever Cross the Horizon?

AI Thread Summary
An astronaut falling into a black hole perceives a smooth passage through the event horizon without noticing any significant changes. However, from an external observer's perspective, the black hole emits Hawking radiation and has a finite lifetime, leading to questions about the astronaut's fate. The discussion explores whether the astronaut would experience evaporation due to Hawking radiation before crossing the horizon. It raises the issue of how negative energy particles interact with the astronaut as they approach the event horizon. The concept of "black hole complementarity" presents challenges in reconciling these differing perspectives on the experience of crossing the horizon.
Puffin
Messages
5
Reaction score
0
Something I've been wondering for a while, but haven't been convinced by the answers I've received.

If an astronaut falls into a black hole, from the perspective of us outside he never actually reaches the horizon. From his perspective, he falls straight through and doesn't notice any particular problems at the horizon. However, if the black hole is emitting Hawking radiation, then it only has a finite lifetime. Even if it takes 10^100 years (according to a distant observer), the black hole will evaporate, by which time the astronaut still won't have crossed the event horizon. So, my question is, does the astronaut ever, even from his own point of view, cross the horizon, or does he find himself evaporating before he gets there?

Thinking about the mechanism of Hawking doesn't seem to help. Do the negative energy particles come out of the black hole towards the incoming astronaut to annihilate him? Do they chase him over the horizon and catch up with him while he's inside? Presumably he perceives the radiation to be being formed at a much greater rate than we do. Is it enough to destroy him before he reaches the horizon?

Thanks to anyone who can answer these.
 
Astronomy news on Phys.org
The free falling observer indeed would cross the horizon in a finite time without noticing any change. There is actually a conceptual challenge when putting both descriptions together, which is known as "black hole complementarity". You may be interested in this popular article by Leonhard Susskind:

http://staff.science.uva.nl/~jdeboer/gr/susskind.pdf
 
Last edited by a moderator:
TL;DR Summary: In 3 years, the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) telescope (or rather, a system of telescopes) should be put into operation. In case of failure to detect alien signals, it will further expand the radius of the so-called silence (or rather, radio silence) of the Universe. Is there any sense in this or is blissful ignorance better? In 3 years, the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) telescope (or rather, a system of telescopes) should be put into operation. In case of failure to detect...
Thread 'Could gamma-ray bursts have an intragalactic origin?'
This is indirectly evidenced by a map of the distribution of gamma-ray bursts in the night sky, made in the form of an elongated globe. And also the weakening of gamma radiation by the disk and the center of the Milky Way, which leads to anisotropy in the possibilities of observing gamma-ray bursts. My line of reasoning is as follows: 1. Gamma radiation should be absorbed to some extent by dust and other components of the interstellar medium. As a result, with an extragalactic origin, fewer...
This thread is dedicated to the beauty and awesomeness of our Universe. If you feel like it, please share video clips and photos (or nice animations) of space and objects in space in this thread. Your posts, clips and photos may by all means include scientific information; that does not make it less beautiful to me (n.b. the posts must of course comply with the PF guidelines, i.e. regarding science, only mainstream science is allowed, fringe/pseudoscience is not allowed). n.b. I start this...
Back
Top