What Explains the Helium-4 Abundance Beyond Stellar Nucleosynthesis?

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The abundance of Helium-4 in the universe cannot be fully explained by stellar nucleosynthesis alone, as most of it originated during Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis. Key references include academic papers and Wikipedia entries that detail this process. The works of Clayton and Pagel provide comprehensive insights into the creation and destruction of Helium-4 in the universe. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for grasping the overall abundance of Helium-4. This highlights the significance of Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis in cosmic helium production.
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Hi, I would like to know the standard explanation about stellar nucleosynthesis of Helium-4 not being able to account for the observed He-4 abundance.
Thanks
 
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The books by Clayton and Pagel are very good for if you wnat to know how it gets created and destroyed in the Universe.
 

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