How Can You Generalize 3 x 3 Magic Squares?

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How would I generalized the set of all 3 x 3 magic squares?

I don't know what to do this at all for this.
 
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Think about what characterizes a magic square: the sum of the elements across any row, down any column, or along either diagonal, is constant. If a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, and i are the elements (going left to right, and top to bottom), how can you characterize a magic square?
 
a+b+c=d+e+f=g+h+i=a+e+i=g+e+c
 
What about down the columns?
 
There are two things I don't understand about this problem. First, when finding the nth root of a number, there should in theory be n solutions. However, the formula produces n+1 roots. Here is how. The first root is simply ##\left(r\right)^{\left(\frac{1}{n}\right)}##. Then you multiply this first root by n additional expressions given by the formula, as you go through k=0,1,...n-1. So you end up with n+1 roots, which cannot be correct. Let me illustrate what I mean. For this...
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