How Can You Simplify the Arc Length Calculation for the Curve r(t)?

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Homework Statement



The length of the curve r(t) = cos^3(t)j+sin^3(t)k, 0 =< t <= pi/2
is

Homework Equations



AL in polar = ∫sqrt(r^2 + [dr/dθ]^2)

The Attempt at a Solution



I am having trouble simplifying the terms within the square root. What method should I use to deal with the pieces?

r^2 = (cos^3(t))^2 + 2 cost^3(t)sin^3(t) + (sin^3(t))^2

dr/dθ = 3(cos(t)^2)sin(t) + 3(sin(t)^2)cos(t)

[dr/dθ]^2 = 9[cos^4(t)sin^2(t) + 2cos^3(t)sin^3(t) + sin^4(t)cos^2(t))

sqrt(cos^3(t))^2 + 2 cost^3(t)sin^3(t) + (sin^3(t))^2 + 9[cos^4(t)sin^2(t) + 2cos^3(t)sin^3(t) + sin^4(t)cos^2(t))

Simplified a bit:

sqrt(1 + 4cos^3(t)sin^3(t) + 9 cos^4(t)sin^4(t) +9sin^4(t)cos^2(t))

How would I further simplify from this?
 
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There seem to be some inconsistencies in your notation.
From the equation for r(t), I guess j and k are unit vectors, so r(t) is a vector. But your equation for arc length treats r as a scalar. This seems to have led to an error here:
##r^2 = (\cos^3(t))^2 + 2 \cos^3(t)\sin^3(t) + (\sin^3(t))^2##
 
haruspex said:
There seem to be some inconsistencies in your notation.
From the equation for r(t), I guess j and k are unit vectors, so r(t) is a vector. But your equation for arc length treats r as a scalar. This seems to have led to an error here:
##r^2 = (\cos^3(t))^2 + 2 \cos^3(t)\sin^3(t) + (\sin^3(t))^2##

Oh, I see. Thanks.
 
There are two things I don't understand about this problem. First, when finding the nth root of a number, there should in theory be n solutions. However, the formula produces n+1 roots. Here is how. The first root is simply ##\left(r\right)^{\left(\frac{1}{n}\right)}##. Then you multiply this first root by n additional expressions given by the formula, as you go through k=0,1,...n-1. So you end up with n+1 roots, which cannot be correct. Let me illustrate what I mean. For this...
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