https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/good-book-on-c.762626/#post-4802944
For more discussion of C++ books, do a search in the textbooks forum for "Stroustrup." Most threads about C++ books mention Stroustrup along with other books.
As for how I learned to program:
Fortran - one lecture class and one seminar-type class as an undergraduate more than 40 years ago, then 15 years experience in graduate school (experimental particle physics) and teaching.
Assembly languages for Digital Equipment PDP-5 and IBM 1620 "minicomputers" - self-taught from books and documentation, also as an undergraduate.
Pascal - self-taught from books about 30 years ago, so I could teach a couple of courses that used it.
C++ - self-taught from books about 20 years ago, so I could convert the Pascal courses to C++.
Perl - self-taught from books and the web, also beginning about 20 years ago, for Unix system-administration tasks and a collection of programs for moderating a Usenet newsgroup.
HTML - self-taught from books and the web about 20 years ago, later some CSS and recently a bit of PHP.
SQL - self-taught from books and the web, about 10 years ago, so I could migrate my music-collection database from a proprietary classic Mac OS database to MySQL before my classic Mac died.
The first language is always the hardest, because you're both learning how to program (how to translate a real-world problem into a solution in program code), and the details of a particular language. If you learn how to program well in that first language, the following languages are much easier because you can focus on the details of the languages (syntax etc.).