To calculate F1 and F2 in the equilibrium problem, moments about a point can be used, ensuring they sum to zero. The moment of a force is determined by multiplying the force by its distance from the chosen point. A suggested formula for F2 includes the gravitational force, which must account for mass. The correct approach involves ensuring all components and distances are accurately included in the calculations. The discussion emphasizes the importance of including mass in gravitational force calculations to achieve the correct results.