How Do Impulse and Reaction Turbines Utilize Fluid Mechanics Principles?

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on the principles of fluid mechanics as they apply to impulse and reaction turbines. The user highlights the challenges in understanding reaction turbines, particularly in analyzing pressure, velocity, and work done on the rotor using fluid mechanics concepts like the Bernoulli equation and Navier-Stokes equations. The conversation emphasizes that while impulse turbines can be analyzed using Newton's second law, reaction turbines require a deeper understanding of fluid dynamics and thermodynamics. Resources such as thermodynamic calculations and specialized literature on gas turbine propulsion are recommended for further exploration.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newtonian mechanics, specifically Newton's second and third laws.
  • Familiarity with fluid mechanics concepts, including Bernoulli's equation and Navier-Stokes equations.
  • Basic knowledge of thermodynamics and energy transfer principles.
  • Experience with analyzing turbine performance and fluid flow dynamics.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the application of Bernoulli's equation in fluid dynamics, focusing on its limitations in turbine analysis.
  • Explore the Navier-Stokes equations and their role in modeling fluid flow around turbines.
  • Investigate thermodynamic calculations related to steam velocity and work conversion in turbines.
  • Read "Elements of Gas Turbine Propulsion" for advanced insights into turbine mechanics and performance.
USEFUL FOR

Engineers, fluid mechanics students, and professionals involved in turbine design and analysis will benefit from this discussion, particularly those seeking to deepen their understanding of the fluid dynamics principles that govern impulse and reaction turbines.

hihiip201
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Hi all:I have a question regarding the fluid mechanics of turbine, both impulse and reaction turbines.

I have searched many sites , including my fluid mechanic textbook, and yet I still don't quite understand the physics behind a turbine.Impulse turbine is a bit easier to understand as I can use plain Newtonian mechanics (2nd law) to understand the transfer of energy and momentum.

But for a reaction turbine, although it is essentially Newton's third Law, I am stuck on how to analysis the pressure, velocity and work done on the rotor using strictly fluid mechanics principles (Bernoulli equation etc). I am fully aware that they are still just Newtonian's mechanics, but I would like to understand it in terms of fluid mechanics concepts - and then relate it back to Newtonian's mechanics.

When I took fluid mechanics , all we were taught is to treat the turbine in a fluid flow a "black box" the exert a force in the fluid flow going past it when using Navier Stoke's equation because my professor was more concern with us knowing the idea of the integral and differential momentum equations.
thank you
 
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You can't use Bernoulli's equation. Work is being done by the fluid.
 

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