Lithium batteries are chemical devices that generate current through reactions involving specific materials with characteristic voltages. The ability to produce current depends on the amount of un-reacted materials; once these materials are mostly reacted, the battery is considered dead. Recharging the battery involves applying a reverse voltage to restore the original composition, allowing current production to resume. Both laptop and cell phone batteries typically utilize lithium-ion technology, which does not involve capacitors for energy storage, although small capacitors may exist in associated circuitry. Lithium is favored in modern batteries due to its energy density and other practical considerations, including cost and environmental usability.
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