How do standing waves and resonance relate in a speaker?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the relationship between standing waves and resonance, particularly in the context of speakers. Participants explore the conditions under which standing waves form, the nature of resonance, and how these concepts apply to sound waves generated by speakers, including the geometry of wave propagation and reflection.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant expresses confusion about the relationship between standing waves and resonance, suggesting that resonance may be the formation of standing waves but questioning if resonance can occur without them.
  • Another participant clarifies that standing waves can exist without resonance, using the example of waves reflecting off a wall without trapping energy, thus not achieving resonance.
  • There is a discussion about how speakers generate spherical waves and whether these can form nodal and antinodal planes, with questions about the geometry of these planes in relation to spherical waves.
  • One participant seeks clarification on the nature of nodes formed by intersecting spherical waves, asking if they occur only at specific points or along a circular plane.
  • Concerns are raised about the effectiveness of curved reflectors in creating standing waves, with suggestions that they may not superimpose properly with incident waves.
  • A later reply discusses the limitations of achieving true nodal planes, explaining that while nodal points can be approximated, true planes require ideal conditions that are practically unattainable.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree that standing waves and resonance are related but do not reach a consensus on the exact nature of their relationship. Multiple competing views remain regarding the conditions necessary for resonance and the formation of standing waves in speakers.

Contextual Notes

Participants note that the effectiveness of standing wave formation may depend on the physical structure of the speaker and the environment, including factors like reflection and energy loss. The discussion highlights the complexities involved in achieving ideal wave conditions in practical scenarios.

  • #31
SFB said:
Do you have any idea on how ka values can change the wavefront pattern in the near field. Going through the basics on radiation from vibrating sphere , it seemed to me that the wavefront pattern in the near field may turn into a plane wavefront depending on the ka limit and position of the reflector. Also I found a literature that mentioned that at high ka limit the node surfaces will tend toward planes in the near field.I am still looking into the literatures but I was wondering that you may also provide me some idea it.

I do not think that we can make any generalizations on how the near field will behave without taking into account the structure and geometry of your sources. At least in electromagnetics, the near field can vary greatly depending on the type of antenna that you have. Perhaps with acoustics the types of sources are more uniform and one can make more accurate generalizations but I wouldn't know.
 
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  • #32
Why wind instruments are asymmetric?Is this a condition to get a strong standing wave ?What about a flute? Is the cylindrical enclosure helping somehow to store more energy.Also , I would be interested to know about wave propagation characteristics in the near field (fresnel zone). As it seems to me from huoygens -fresnel principle that its the zone where constructive a/destructive interference occurs for the waves radiating from each point of the source. So should I consider fresnel zone as a region where the shape of the wavefront for the entire source is established and far field as the zone where this wavefront starts to radiate.What is the condition (not the mathematical formula that calculate the near field length) when the wavefront starts to diverge.

Also , I found a graph that shows that the pressure is not inversely related to distance in the near field. For a plane source , the pressure rather remains constant very near to the source.
 
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