How Does Air Affect Engine Coolant Performance?

In summary, if the pressure inside the engine is too high, air can enter the system and cause the coolant to boil.
  • #1
thender
39
0
Hello, my question is about air in engine cooling systems.

Coolant is formulated to resist boiling, and furthermore kept under pressure to increase its boiling point. I think this is to control its phase. In other words we must prevent coolant from boiling (vaporizing) because vapor does not conduct heat away from the engine very well.

Too high of temperature, too low of pressure, and you change phase from liquid to vapor.

Now what I want to know is how does air affect the coolant's tendency to boil, and does it reduce its boiling point or reduce its ability to conduct heat?

There are tools available for draining and refilling the cooling system that work by drawing a vacuum of about 26inhg and "sucking" all of the coolant out, then using the vacuum to draw the new coolant in. Their manufacturers claim that cooling systems can have air pockets trapped in high points in the engine which lead to overheating.

Revisiting pressure, temperature, and phase, by reducing the pressure enough we can boil the coolant at ambient temperatures, is that how the tool works?

Ordinarily air and water would remain separate from each other, but if there is enough pressure air can actually dissolve into a liquid. I've experienced this when I accidentally overpressurized an engine cooling system. It was fine until I went to release the pressure and then it boiled chaotically.

An engine has a circuit of coolant that is controlled by a temperature operated valve - the thermostat. The thermostat can stay closed and allow pressure to build inside the engine. Then once it opens the system is controlled by the radiator cap which is a pressure related valve.

So I'm looking at this situation with all of the temperature and pressure effects and wondering about the impact of air contamination on the overall performance.

My gut feeling is that if the normal expansion and contraction of the coolant pulls air into the system from a leak or from a low level that the air will dissolve into the coolant when the system increases in pressure, and migrate into the engine, where it will separate and dwell. My intuition says that air contamination will increase the tendency to boil.

Based on that I'm thinking I should pressurize the system and cap to its rating to check for leaks, but also drain and refill it with fresh coolant and check for leaks under vacuum as the best maintenance practice.

What do you think guys?

Feedback appreciated.
 
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  • #2


I think there's a key difference between air bubbles entrained within the coolant, and 'pockets' of air trapped and preventing successful coolant flow...
 
  • #3


I think that if you have a leak you should be more worried about loosing fluid than sucking in air.
 

FAQ: How Does Air Affect Engine Coolant Performance?

1. How does air affect the boiling point of engine coolant?

Air can significantly decrease the boiling point of engine coolant. When air is present in the cooling system, it creates air pockets which prevents proper circulation of coolant. This can lead to hot spots in the engine, causing the coolant to boil at a lower temperature.

2. Can air in the cooling system lead to overheating of the engine?

Yes, air in the cooling system can cause the engine to overheat. When air is present, it prevents the proper flow of coolant and can create air pockets that can cause hot spots in the engine. This can lead to overheating of the engine and potential damage to the components.

3. How does air affect the freezing point of engine coolant?

Air can lower the freezing point of engine coolant. When air is present in the cooling system, it displaces the coolant and reduces its concentration. This can lead to the coolant freezing at a higher temperature, making it less effective in protecting the engine from freezing in cold temperatures.

4. What is the impact of air on the overall performance of engine coolant?

Air can have a negative impact on the overall performance of engine coolant. It can decrease the boiling point, lower the freezing point, and prevent proper circulation of coolant. This can lead to overheating, freezing, and potential damage to the engine components.

5. How can air be prevented from entering the cooling system?

Air can be prevented from entering the cooling system by regularly checking for and repairing any leaks in the system. It is also important to properly bleed the system after changing the coolant. Additionally, using a coolant with anti-foaming agents can help prevent air pockets from forming.

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