Im having trouble analyzing this circuit

  • Context: Engineering 
  • Thread starter Thread starter think4432
  • Start date Start date
  • Tags Tags
    Circuit
Click For Summary

Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the analysis of an ECG circuit, specifically focusing on the function of components such as resistors and operational amplifiers, as well as the implications of grounding techniques in reducing noise. Participants seek detailed explanations and insights into the circuit's design and operation.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Exploratory

Main Points Raised

  • One participant expresses confusion about the roles of resistors (r1, r2) and the operational amplifier in the ECG circuit and requests detailed assistance.
  • Another participant explains that the upper two op-amps form a differential amplifier for the ECG voltage, and discusses how the circuit helps maintain the common-mode voltage at zero to keep the input within the op-amps' range.
  • There is a suggestion that hard-grounding the patient might be an alternative to the driven right leg circuit, prompting questions about the advantages and disadvantages of each method.
  • A participant seeks clarification on the necessity and values of the resistors in the circuit, questioning their placement and contribution to the overall function.
  • Another participant raises concerns about safety and leakage voltage in relation to grounding practices.
  • One participant mentions the role of high-pass and low-pass filters in the circuit, indicating a need for further exploration of their impact.
  • There is a discussion about designing a sensor system that avoids saturating the op-amps' inputs due to high voltage gradients present in the environment.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express various viewpoints on the effectiveness and safety of different grounding techniques, as well as the design considerations for the ECG circuit. No consensus is reached regarding the best approach or the specific roles of components within the circuit.

Contextual Notes

Participants highlight the complexity of the circuit design, including the need for specific resistor values and the implications of grounding choices. There are unresolved questions about the exact contributions of certain components and the potential risks associated with different configurations.

think4432
Messages
62
Reaction score
0
I'm looking at this ECG circuit in particular and I am having trouble analyzing it...

The ECG circuit and the driven right leg circuit to cancel out the noise.

I am a little bit confused on what exactly the r1, the op amp and r2 do...

And the values that are generally given to build something like this...

Can anyone help me out here? In great detail... perhaps?

Thank youuu.
 

Attachments

  • ECG.gif
    ECG.gif
    3.7 KB · Views: 835
  • Allo Circuit Driven Right Leg.jpg
    Allo Circuit Driven Right Leg.jpg
    24.4 KB · Views: 1,195
Physics news on Phys.org
think4432 said:
I'm looking at this ECG circuit in particular and I am having trouble analyzing it...

The ECG circuit and the driven right leg circuit to cancel out the noise.

I am a little bit confused on what exactly the r1, the op amp and r2 do...

And the values that are generally given to build something like this...

Can anyone help me out here? In great detail... perhaps?

Thank youuu.

The upper two opamps form a differential amp for the sensed ECG/EKG voltage. The average of these two voltages are fed into the lower right inverting amp to actively force the common-mode voltage of the patient (Pt) to zero/ground. This helps to keep the voltages going into the differential amp opamps within the input common-mode range of the opamps.

It seems that another alternative might be to hard-ground the Pt. Can you see any advantages/disadvantages of using this circuit versus just hard grounding the Pt's right ankle?
 
(Thread moved from EE to HH/Engineering)
 
berkeman said:
...It seems that another alternative might be to hard-ground the Pt. Can you see any advantages/disadvantages of using this circuit versus just hard grounding the Pt's right ankle?
Safety?AD620.PDF
 
Last edited:
berkeman said:
The upper two opamps form a differential amp for the sensed ECG/EKG voltage. The average of these two voltages are fed into the lower right inverting amp to actively force the common-mode voltage of the patient (Pt) to zero/ground. This helps to keep the voltages going into the differential amp opamps within the input common-mode range of the opamps.

It seems that another alternative might be to hard-ground the Pt. Can you see any advantages/disadvantages of using this circuit versus just hard grounding the Pt's right ankle?
I understand the Driven Right Leg circuit thanks to your explaining to an extent, but why is the requirement of resistors in the places that they are placed necessary? And what values of these resistors would be suitable? High values for some? Low for others? I am not fully understanding how they contribute to the circuit... Also, if we are not grounding the patients right ankle, what are we grounding? I do not see the advantages/disadvantages of it...?

Also can you give me some insight on the ECG circuit with AD620 as well? After this one?

You have been great help for my understanding on the differential op amps!

Thank you in advance!
 
Xitami said:
Safety?


AD620.PDF

Is this because if we did not do this, the circuit would produce a lot of leakage voltage?
 
Also the leg is grounded to obtain electrical voltage?A small voltage is set up across the electrodes by the hearbeat/pulse . This voltage is sensed by the sensor/electrode and is fed to the input of the amplifier. [From a little more research]

How does high pass and low pass filters play a role in this?
 
Xitami said:
Safety?

No.

The average voltage gradient in open air is about 200 volts over 6 ft height. There are extreme differences in potential, including AC potential from the lines between a pacient and equipment, even in a room. Your op amp with +/-6 volt rails is only equipped to deal with about 6 volts of this.

How do you design a sensor system that won't saturate your op amps inputs?
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
3K
Replies
15
Views
3K
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
2K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
2K
  • · Replies 16 ·
Replies
16
Views
4K
  • · Replies 13 ·
Replies
13
Views
3K
  • · Replies 28 ·
Replies
28
Views
4K
Replies
33
Views
6K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
2K