Inclusion-Exclusion principle problem

In summary, the Inclusion-Exclusion principle can be used to find the number of ways to arrange the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 such that 1 is immediately followed by 2, or 3 is immediately followed by 4, or 5 is immediately followed by 6. This can be done by creating sets representing the desired arrangements and using the cardinality of these sets and their intersections in Bernoulli's formula.
  • #1
Samuel Williams
20
3
Use inclusion-exclusion to find the number of ways to arrange the six numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 such that
either 1 is immediately followed by 2, or 3 is immediately followed by 4, or 5 is immediately followed
by 6.

I believe that this can be solved using unions. By setting the sets to be the numbers, the union should give two numbers next to each other. For example, set A1 as 1 and A2 as 2, then the union would be the number 1,2. However, wouldn't this union also be 2,1?
 
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  • #2
No, to use the Inclusion-Exclusion principle, the sets you need to use are based on the three events described to you:
A1 = set of all arrangements in which 2 follows 1
A2 = set of all arrangements in which 4 follows 3
and A3 likewise.

You need to work out the cardinality (number of elements) of those three sets, and of the various intersections thereof used in Bernoulli's formula.
 
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