Induced current in conductor moving circularly in constant B-field

In summary, the light bulb induces an EMF in the circular electrical conductor which is in contact with the rotating metal rod. The EMF is proportional to the closed path integral of E+vXB with respect to r.
  • #1
Waxbear
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0

Homework Statement



A light bulb with resistance R is attached on a metal rod which is rotating around the point O on the figure. The metal rod is in contact with an electrical conductor which is a part of a circle with radius d. The metal rod and the circular electrical conductor is a closed circuit. The rod now rotates with angular velocity [itex]\omega[/itex] through the constant magnetic field pointing out from the paper.

a)

Find an expression for the induced current through the light bulb, expressed in terms of [itex]\omega[/itex], d, B and R.

Homework Equations



IR=vBr

where v is the tangential speed of the rod perpendicular to the B-field (every speed is perpendicular to the B-field, since we are looking at a plane) and r is the length of the rod moving at this speed.

I=[itex]\frac{\omega Br^{2}}{R}[/itex]

v substituted for [itex]\omega r[/itex]

The Attempt at a Solution



Since the every part of the rod is moving with different linear speeds, we should integrate the RHS from the 0 to d with respect to r and that should be it right?

i get:

I=[itex]\int^{d}_{0}\frac{\omega Br^{2}}{R}[/itex]

I=[itex]\frac{d^{3}B\omega}{3R}[/itex]

But when i look up the solution it says:

I=[itex]\frac{Bd^{2}\omega}{2R}[/itex]

so who's right?

Edit: Problem solved!
 

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  • #2
Maybe i should add that RI=vBr is derived from Faradays law of induction, stating that the induced EMF is equal to the closed path integral of E+v X B with respect to l (path of the circuit), and Ohm's law stating that the EMF is equal to RI when looking at the entire circuit. I only integrate over the rod since this is the only thing moving relative to the B-field. The cross product in faradays law reduces to the magnitudes of v and B multiplied, since they are always perpendicular to each other in this problem and since i only need to find the magnitude of the EMF.
 
  • #3
Nevermind i solved it!

After reading my last post over, i realized that i should use Faradays law of induction as the more general law, rather than IR=vBl which is a solution to Faradays law in a particular situation. I then obtained the same answer as in the solutions sheet.
 

1. How is induced current created in a conductor moving in a constant magnetic field?

When a conductor, such as a wire, moves in a constant magnetic field, it cuts through the magnetic field lines. This motion of the conductor creates a change in magnetic flux, which in turn induces an electromotive force (EMF) in the conductor. This EMF drives a current to flow in the conductor, creating an induced current.

2. What is the direction of the induced current in a conductor moving in a constant magnetic field?

The direction of the induced current is determined by the direction of the magnetic field and the motion of the conductor. According to Lenz's law, the induced current will flow in a direction that opposes the change in magnetic flux. So, if the conductor is moving in a clockwise direction, the induced current will flow counterclockwise.

3. How does the strength of the induced current change with the speed of the conductor?

The strength of the induced current is directly proportional to the speed of the conductor. This means that as the speed of the conductor increases, the strength of the induced current also increases. Conversely, if the speed of the conductor decreases, the induced current will also decrease.

4. What factors affect the magnitude of the induced current in a conductor moving in a constant magnetic field?

The magnitude of the induced current is affected by several factors, including the strength of the magnetic field, the speed of the conductor, and the length of the conductor. A stronger magnetic field, higher speed, and longer conductor will result in a larger induced current.

5. Can a conductor moving in a constant magnetic field have an induced current without any external force acting on it?

Yes, a conductor can have an induced current without any external force acting on it. This is because the motion of the conductor through the magnetic field creates a change in magnetic flux, which is enough to induce an EMF and drive a current. This is known as Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction.

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