The discussion centers around the chemical formula for sodium hydroxide, which is correctly identified as NaOH. Participants clarify that NaOH is commonly known as drain cleaner. There is a mention of the high energy required to ionize a second electron from a sodium atom, indicating that while it is theoretically possible under extreme conditions, it is not feasible in normal circumstances. Alkali metals, like sodium, typically form +1 ions and readily bond with -1 ions such as hydroxyl (OH-).