Is the Time to Discharge a Capacitor Always the Same Number of Time Constants?

AI Thread Summary
The discussion centers on the discharge time of a capacitor, highlighting that while theoretically infinite time is needed for complete discharge, a practical threshold can be defined. Specifically, a capacitor is considered fully discharged when its charge is less than or equal to the charge of one electron. Calculations show that for a capacitor with given values, the time to reach this state is approximately 19.7 seconds, equating to 31.4 time constants. It is confirmed that the time required to reach this discharge state is consistent across different values of capacitance and resistance, as derived from the charge equation. This consistency arises from the relationship between the defined discharge time and the circuit's time constant, demonstrating the underlying principles of RC circuits.
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Strictly speaking, the equation q=Q_0e^{-t/RC} implies that an infinite amount of time is required to discharge a capacitor completely. Yet for practical purposes, a capacitor may be considered to be fully discharged after a finite length of time. To be specific, consider a capacitor with capacitance C connected to a resistor R to be fully discharged if its charge q differs from zero by no more than the charge of one electron.

I could do everything except explaining why Part C's answer is correct
Part A
Calculate the time required to reach this state if C = 0.910 microF, R = 690 kilo ohms, and Q_0 = 6.80 microC.
t=19.7s
Part B
How many time constants is this?
31.4 time constants
Part C
For a given Q_0, is the time required to reach this state always the same number of time constants, independent of the values of C and R?
yes
Part D
Why or why not? (in response to Part C)




Part D is what i can't explain. Can anyone help?
 
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If you rearrange the charge equation (which is the solution to the differential equation produced by Kirchkoff's circuit rules) for the situation where the capacitor discharges to q(T) = e (one fundamental charge), we have

e/Q_0 = e^(-T/RC) .

I think what they're saying is this: for any RC circuit with varying choices of R and C, and starting with a fully-charged capacitor, the ratio of this defined discharge time to the circuit time constant is simply related to the ratio of e/Q_0 .
[EDIT: Re-reading the question once again, I agree with their answer; the equation above shows why. Try it with numbers to satisfy yourself -- I had to...]
 
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