There are too many unknown variables, but, to give a rough estimation,
to make an elemantary act of perception, signals must traverse our brain, say, 100 times. Speed of signals in nerve system is (not sure) 300m/s, which gives 0.3s.
Even if we used light-based systems to think still we would percieve light as 'very fast' - traveling 100-1000 distances of our body/brain when we count 'one...'
But the relative slowness of our nerves adds 4-5 orders of magnitude to that number.