LIGO Back Online: Upgraded Detector to Spot Fainter Gravitational Waves

In summary, the world's most sensitive device for spotting gravitational waves, LIGO, is starting up again after a three-year hiatus for upgrades. These upgrades have resulted in more sensitive detectors, capable of observing far fainter gravitational-wave events. LIGO is joined by Virgo and KAGRA, its European and Japanese equivalents, in the hopes of detecting waves from the universe's earliest origins.
  • #1
phinds
Science Advisor
Insights Author
Gold Member
18,810
13,655
From this morning's Economist briefing:

The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory—the world’s most sensitive device for spotting gravitational waves—starts up again on Wednesday after a three-year hiatus for upgrades.

LIGO is designed to detect subtle ripples in space and time radiated out by cataclysmic cosmic events like colliding black holes and supernovae. The existence of these cosmic wiggles was predicted, over a century ago, by the mathematics of Albert Einstein’s general theory of relativity. But it was only confirmed when LIGO observed the waves in 2015. The upgrades to LIGO’s instruments have resulted in more sensitive detectors, capable of observing far fainter gravitational-wave events than before.

LIGO consists of two American detectors in the states of Louisiana and Washington. It will be joined on this run by Virgo and KAGRA, LIGO’s European and Japanese equivalents. Astrophysicists hope that the joint sensitivity of these observatories will be enough to detect waves from the universe’s earliest origins.
 
  • Like
Likes berkeman, vanhees71 and FactChecker
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
phinds said:
starts up again on Wednesday after a three-year hiatus for upgrades.
Do you have a link to the upgrades that they did?
 
  • Like
Likes vanhees71

1. What is LIGO and why is it important?

LIGO stands for Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory. It is a scientific facility that uses advanced technology to detect and study gravitational waves, which are ripples in the fabric of space-time caused by massive objects in the universe. LIGO is important because it allows scientists to observe and study these waves, which provide valuable information about the universe and its origins.

2. How does LIGO detect gravitational waves?

LIGO uses a system of two detectors, each consisting of two 4-kilometer-long arms arranged in an L-shape. A laser beam is split and sent down each arm, and when a gravitational wave passes through, it causes the arms to stretch and compress, altering the length of the laser beams. This change in length is measured by sensitive instruments, allowing scientists to detect and study the gravitational wave.

3. What upgrades have been made to the LIGO detector?

The LIGO detector has undergone several upgrades since it was first built in the 1990s. The most recent upgrade, called Advanced LIGO, was completed in 2015 and involved replacing the mirrors and improving the laser and control systems. In 2020, the detector underwent further upgrades to increase its sensitivity and allow it to detect even fainter gravitational waves.

4. What are the potential benefits of the upgraded LIGO detector?

The upgraded LIGO detector will be able to detect gravitational waves that were previously too faint to be observed. This will allow scientists to study a wider range of events, such as the collisions of neutron stars and black holes, and potentially discover new phenomena in the universe. The upgraded detector will also provide more precise measurements of gravitational waves, leading to a better understanding of the nature of space and time.

5. How will the upgraded LIGO detector impact our understanding of the universe?

The upgraded LIGO detector will greatly enhance our understanding of the universe by allowing us to study gravitational waves in more detail. These waves provide a unique window into the universe, allowing us to observe events that are invisible to traditional telescopes. By studying gravitational waves, scientists can learn more about the origins of the universe, the behavior of black holes, and the nature of gravity itself.

Similar threads

  • Special and General Relativity
Replies
4
Views
982
  • Special and General Relativity
Replies
7
Views
2K
  • Special and General Relativity
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
Replies
1
Views
3K
  • Special and General Relativity
Replies
2
Views
632
Replies
3
Views
1K
  • General Discussion
Replies
1
Views
1K
  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
Replies
3
Views
1K
  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
Replies
11
Views
3K
Back
Top