Magnetic Moment of Electron: Intrinsic Spin & Dipole Moment

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the magnetic moment of the electron, particularly in relation to its intrinsic spin and how it forms a dipole moment in a magnetic field. Participants also explore the differences between the magnetic dipole moments of electrons and nuclei, as well as the interactions between them.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant seeks clarification on how an electron's intrinsic spin contributes to its magnetic dipole moment when placed in a magnetic field.
  • Another participant explains that the electron has a charge and behaves as if it is rotating, despite spin not being a literal rotation.
  • It is noted that the magnetic dipole moments of electrons and nuclei differ in magnitude, with some nuclei having zero total spin and thus no magnetic moment.
  • Participants discuss the inability to separate the magnetic moments of electrons and nuclei due to their coupling, particularly when the nucleus has spin.
  • One participant mentions that the magnetic moment of a nucleus is significantly smaller than that of an electron and is derived from the vector sum of its nucleons' magnetic moments.
  • The concept of hyperfine splitting is introduced as a means to infer the nuclear magnetic moment from interactions with the electron's magnetic moment.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express varying degrees of understanding regarding the relationship between electron spin and magnetic moments, as well as the interactions between electron and nuclear magnetic moments. There is no consensus on the separation of these moments or the implications of their coupling.

Contextual Notes

Some statements rely on relativistic quantum mechanics and may involve assumptions about the nature of spin and magnetic interactions that are not fully resolved in the discussion.

hafsa
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hi I am student of graduate and want to clear the picture of MAGNETIC MOMENT of electron in my mind.can someone tell me that if an electron is moving in its orbit constituting its intrinsic spin(1/2) ho can it forms dipole moment(to poles) when place in magnetic field?and what is the difference between magnetic dipole moment of electron and magnetic dipole moment of nucleus?how can we separate these two as atom contains both?
 
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hafsa said:
hi I am student of graduate and want to clear the picture of MAGNETIC MOMENT of electron in my mind.can someone tell me that if an electron is moving in its orbit constituting its intrinsic spin(1/2) ho can it forms dipole moment(to poles) when place in magnetic field?

Well, it's got a charge, and it's 'rotating'. We know spin isn't actually the particle rotating on its own axis, but in many contexts, it acts as if it did. This is one of those contexts.

and what is the difference between magnetic dipole moment of electron and magnetic dipole moment of nucleus?

Well, they have different magnitudes. And some nuclei have zero total spin and thus no magnetic moment.

how can we separate these two as atom contains both?

You can't. There is a nucleus-electron magnetic coupling. (if the nucleus has spin). It's just not significant in most cases.
 
The electron spin and its magnetic moment are relativistic QM effects that do not mean the electron is rotating. The magnetic dipole of a nucleus is about 2,000 times smaller than that of an electron. The magnetic momment of a nucleus is the vector sum of the magnetic moments of its nucleons and their orbital magnetic moments. The nuclear magnetic moment can be inferred from the hyperfine splitting which comes from the magnetic dipole-dipole interaction between the nuclear moment and the electron moment (spin and orbital).
 

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