To find the momentum of a moving particle in special relativity, the energy-momentum relationship, E² = m²c⁴ + p²c², is essential. The kinetic energy is expressed as K = (γ - 1)mc², and total energy as E = γmc². The discussion revolves around clarifying the correct approach to solve the problem presented in the image, particularly in relation to the center-of-mass context. There is a focus on understanding what constitutes the "right way" to approach the problem and addressing potential misunderstandings. Overall, the conversation emphasizes the importance of correctly applying relativistic equations to determine momentum.