Derivatives play a crucial role in physics by representing the concept of "change." The derivative of position with respect to time defines velocity, while the derivative of velocity with respect to time defines acceleration, which is essential for Newton's laws of motion. Additionally, derivatives are used in various contexts, such as calculating electric fields, where the electric field is the negative change of potential with respect to position. The application of derivatives extends beyond time, demonstrating their versatility in modern physics. Understanding these interrelations can enhance comprehension of physical concepts and their mathematical foundations.