Nobel Prize in medicine: Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman

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pinball1970
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Two scientists won the Nobel Prize in medicine on Monday for discoveries that enabled the development of mRNA vaccines against COVID-19
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Biology news on Phys.org
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MSN also reported
The Nobel Prize in medicine was awarded Monday to two scientists whose research laid the groundwork for messenger RNA vaccines that transformed the threat of the coronavirus pandemic.

For years, Katalin Kariko, a Hungarian-born scientist whose ferocious and single-minded pursuit of messenger RNA exiled her to the outskirts of science, worked closely with Drew Weissman, an immunologist at the University of Pennsylvania who saw the potential for the technology to create a new kind of vaccine.
https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/n...dation-for-messenger-rna-vaccines/ar-AA1hyzNR
 
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Astronuc said:
See, "laying the groundwork" is, in my eyes, a valid reason for only 2 recipients (apropos the thread "Questions about submitting papers for peer review"). I'm sure though that even these guys didn't work in a vacuum.

EDIT: As if anyone ever did that.
 
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sbrothy said:
I'm sure though that even these guys didn't work in a vacuum.

EDIT: As if anyone ever did that.
Their story is worth a read. They were largely ignored, even ostracized for this research. Kariko was demoted over it(repeated failure to get grants). If there's ever a case of two/lone voices shouting into the vacuum in science, this is it.

[extremely late edit]
And I don't use this word lightly: these two are genuine heroes, in the real and ususally comic book sense. Their work required severe personal sacrifice and likely saved literally millions of lives.
 
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russ_watters said:
Their story is worth a read. They were largely ignored, even ostracized for this research. Kariko was demoted over it(repeated failure to get grants). If there's ever a case of two/lone voices shouting into the vacuum in science, this is it.

[extremely late edit]
And I don't use this word lightly: these two are genuine heroes, in the real and ususally comic book sense. Their work required severe personal sacrifice and likely saved literally millions of lives.

So once again professional and personal jalouxy rears it's ugly head? It kinda reminds of the whole debacle with "The String Wars" and the Bogdanov affair. Can't remember if it's apocryphal but it reminds me of Einstein's comment when he heard 100 physicists signed a proclamation that his theory was rubbish: "Had I been wrong one would have been enough."
 
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Katalin Karikó won this year’s Nobel Prize in Medicine alongside Drew Weissman for their research that led to the development of mRNA Covid-19 vaccines, but a post from the University of Pennsylvania—where Karikó was demoted from tenure track in 1995—claiming her as a Penn researcher angered the medical community.
https://www.msn.com/en-us/health/ot...-academics-urge-penn-to-apologize/ar-AA1hE8A8
Karikó was hired by the University of Pennsylvania in 1989 as an adjunct professor and researcher, where she met and began collaborating with Weissman, a professor of medicine at Penn, in 1997.

Though initially on track to become a tenured professor, the university reportedly offered Karikó a choice to either leave or be demoted with a pay cut in 1995—which she said was “particularly horrible” because she had just been diagnosed with cancer and her husband was stuck in Hungary because of a visa issue—because her mRNA research was deemed too risky and did not attract enough grant funding.

Karikó took the demotion and continued her work, but later left her senior research investigator position at Penn (where she retains an adjunct professorship) in 2013 to serve as vice president at BioNTech—co-manufacturer of the Pfizer-BioNTech Covid-19 vaccine—because Penn refused to reinstate her to a tenure track position, reportedly considering her research “not of faculty quality.”

I think there are a number of U of Penn administrators who need to resign or be fired.
 
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reportedly considering her research “not of faculty quality.”

Legend is that Heidelberg refused to give Rudy Mossbauer a PhD for the Mossbauer effect. A masters was fine, but a doctorate? Just not up to their standards,
 
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Astronuc said:
I think there are a number of U of Penn administrators who need to resign or be fired.
Granting tenure or punishing other staff would require admitting the error. That would not play well in the media and marketing campaigns. Best to proudly support her and keep cashing the billion dollar royalty checks.

Now, for spite she could probably donate a bunch of money to build a new building and then exclude her detractors from using it.
 
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Rosalyn Yallow named every journal who rejected her Nobel-winning paper during her Nobel lecture. Spite? Maybe - but funny as well.
 
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1. Who are Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman, and why did they win the Nobel Prize in Medicine?

Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman are researchers recognized for their pivotal contributions to the development of mRNA technology, which was crucial for COVID-19 vaccines. Their work on modifying mRNA to evade immune detection laid the foundation for effective mRNA vaccines, such as those produced by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna, which have played a significant role in combating the COVID-19 pandemic.

2. What specific contributions did Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman make to mRNA technology?

Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman's key contribution was the discovery and development of modified nucleosides that, when incorporated into mRNA, suppress the immune system's inflammatory response. This modification enables the mRNA to produce protein effectively without being attacked by the body's immune system, thereby increasing the potential of mRNA technology for vaccines and therapeutics.

3. How has the work of Karikó and Weissman impacted the field of medicine?

The work of Karikó and Weissman has revolutionized vaccine development, allowing for rapid design and production, especially evident in the swift development of COVID-19 vaccines. Their research has not only paved the way for fighting pandemics but also holds promise for advancing gene therapy and treatments for other diseases, potentially transforming medical approaches to various illnesses.

4. What are mRNA vaccines and how do they work?

mRNA vaccines are a new type of vaccine that introduce a messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence coded for a disease-specific antigen. Once inside the body's cells, the mRNA sequence is used as a template to produce the antigen, which is then recognized by the immune system. This prepares the immune system to fight the real virus if the body is exposed to it in the future.

5. What potential future applications could stem from Karikó and Weissman's mRNA research?

The mRNA technology developed by Karikó and Weissman has potential applications beyond vaccines, including in gene editing and therapy for genetic disorders, cancer treatment, and other therapeutic areas that require protein replacement or supplementation. Their breakthroughs could lead to treatments that were previously difficult or impossible to develop, offering hope for many intractable health conditions.

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