Number theory-product of squares

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In summary, the conversation discusses the concept of number theory, specifically the product of squares. The problem being addressed is how to express the product of two integers, which can each be written as the sum of two squares, as the sum of two squares. The conversation provides a hint to add and subtract something to get the two squares.
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diracy
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Number theory--product of squares

Homework Statement


Suppose a and b are two integers, which can each be written as the sum of
two squares. Prove that ab can be expressed as the sum of two squares.


Homework Equations





The Attempt at a Solution


a=c[itex]^{2}[/itex]+d[itex]^{2}[/itex]
b=x[itex]^{2}[/itex]+y[itex]^{2}[/itex]

I'm not exactly sure how to approach this proof.
 
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  • #2


You're on the right track. You've probably tried multiplying them together, and then seeing if you could tease out two squares. The only hint I can give without giving it away (and maybe this gives it away as well) is that you need to add and subtract something in order to get the two squares; they will not be readily apparent.

Post a little more when you've worked on it further. This won't be too difficult to get, it's probably right under your nose.
 

1. What is number theory and how does it relate to the product of squares?

Number theory is a branch of mathematics that studies the properties and relationships of numbers. The product of squares is a concept in number theory that refers to the result of multiplying two perfect squares together.

2. What are perfect squares and how are they related to the product of squares?

A perfect square is a number that can be expressed as the product of two equal integers. For example, 9 is a perfect square because it can be expressed as 3 x 3. The product of squares refers to the result of multiplying two perfect squares together.

3. What are some real-life applications of the product of squares in number theory?

The product of squares has many practical applications, such as in cryptography, where it is used in algorithms for secure communication and encryption. It is also used in coding theory, which is essential for error correction in data transmission.

4. How is the product of squares related to prime numbers?

Prime numbers are numbers that are only divisible by 1 and themselves. The product of two prime numbers is always a perfect square. This is because when two prime numbers are multiplied together, all of their prime factors are multiplied together, resulting in a perfect square.

5. Are there any unsolved problems or open questions related to the product of squares in number theory?

Yes, there are currently many unsolved problems and open questions related to the product of squares in number theory. One such problem is the existence of infinitely many solutions to the equation a^2 + b^2 = c^2, known as the Pythagorean Triple Conjecture. Another open question is whether there are infinitely many perfect numbers that are also perfect squares.

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