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kau
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can anyone refer me to some good introduction to this O(N) model and also large N expansion.
Thanks.
Thanks.
The O(N) model is a mathematical model used in physics and other fields to describe systems with a large number of components or particles. It represents the complexity of a system as a function of the number of components (N).
The Large N expansion is a method used to simplify the O(N) model by taking the limit as N approaches infinity. This allows for easier calculations and analysis of the system.
The O(N) model and Large N expansion have various applications in physics, including statistical mechanics, quantum field theory, and condensed matter physics. They are also used in other fields such as economics, computer science, and biology.
The O(N) model and Large N expansion are limited to systems with a large number of components or particles. They may not accurately describe systems with a small number of components. Additionally, the Large N expansion may not converge for certain systems.
The O(N) model and Large N expansion are often used to study phase transitions, which are sudden changes in the properties of a system at a critical point. These models allow for a better understanding of the behavior of a system near a phase transition and can predict the critical exponents that characterize these transitions.