Our Beautiful Universe - Photos and Videos

AI Thread Summary
The discussion focuses on sharing the beauty of the Universe through photos, videos, and animations, emphasizing the aesthetic appeal of space alongside scientific information. Participants are encouraged to post clips and images that comply with mainstream scientific guidelines, avoiding fringe theories. Notable contributions include time-lapse videos from the ISS and clips related to NASA missions, such as the Dawn and New Horizons projects. The thread also highlights the emotional impact of experiencing the vastness of space through visual media. Overall, it celebrates the intersection of art and science in showcasing the wonders of the Universe.
  • #2,251
SH2-125, "Cocoon Nebula", IC 5146, Caldwell 19, Barnard 168... lots of names for the same object:

Sh2-125-crop-lpc-cbg-St-35142s-1.jpg


Nikon D810 + Nikkor 400/2.8 @ f/4, Losmandy GM8 mount. 10s subs, 10 hours total integration, image stacking with APP. A 1:1 crop:

Clipboard.jpg
 
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  • #2,252
Hello, here is my Saturn image with better resolution.. :wideeyed: :smile:

Saturn opposition.jpg
 
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  • #2,253
Upcoming event - Watch a partial lunar eclipse during Tuesday’s Super Moon (Harvest Moon) and Saturn.
https://www.astronomy.com/observing/how-to-watch-a-partial-lunar-eclipse-during-tuesdays-super-moon/
Additionally, if you’re up early and ready to pregame on Tuesday morning, the Moon passes in front of the planet Saturn in the pre-dawn sky for those in the western half of the U.S. (including Hawaii) and Canada. All other observers will still see the two objects hanging close together in the early-morning twilight.
 
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  • #2,254
SH 2-92 (LBN 145) imaged from my back patio, June-August 2024. SH 2-92 is an emission nebula that can be found (as seen from Earth) in the constellation Vulpecula, near the border of Cygnus. It's an HII region ionized by the Wolf-Rayet star, WR 127.

SH2_92_2024_Final_SmallForPF.jpg


While it's not an extremely challenging/dim nebula, it's not particularly bright either. I wouldn't bother trying to observe this target visually, even with a telescope or binoculars.

It's also right up against one of the arms of our Milky Way galaxy, so there's a plethora of background stars, all around. What at first appears to be noise is really just stars and stars galore. I did my best in post processing to implement some star reduction techniques to enhance the nebulosity.

To me, SH 2-92 looks like a phoenix or maybe a depiction of a winged person you might find on a trophy top.

Others have affectionately named it "The Scream" based on the famous painting by Edvard Munch (this hasn't totally caught on yet). I suppose that works too. To see the similarity, imagine the dust lane in the lower-right is the person's mouth, and then mentally picture the hands to the sides of a face.

Equipment:
Explore Scientific 80ED-FCD100
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro
Orion Field Flattener for Short Refractors
Off-axis guider (OAG) with guide camera
Baader 3.5/4nm Ultra-Narrowband filter set
ZWO ASI2600MM-Pro main camera

Software:
N.I.N.A.
PHD2 guiding
PixInsight with RC-Astro plugins

Acquisition/Integration:
Location: San Diego, USA
Bortle class 7 (maybe 8 ) skies
All subframes binned 1x1
Stacked using the drizzle algorithm
SHO mapping
SII: 102×480s = 13.60 hrs
Hα: 81×480s = 10.80 hrs
Oiii: 93×480s = 12.40 hrs
Total integration time: 36.80 hours.
.
 
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  • #2,255
NGC 188, imaged over 2 nights (total integration time 4 hours):

NGC_188-St-14440s copy.jpg

Deets: Nikon D810 + Nikkor 800/5.6 (shot @ f/8), Losmandy GM-8 mount, stacking in APP.

NGC 188 is abnormally old.

NGC 188 is very close to Polaris so tracking errors are minimized- I was able to keep 90% of the 20s subs resulting in an efficiency rating of 75%, which is great. I didn't perform any alignment procedures (other than visually sighting Polaris/2nd star), so I probably could have shot 30s subs with some alignment corrections.
 
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  • #2,256
Hi,
here is Venus by Sunset (Kefalonia Island september) :smile: :wink:

IMG_2290U.JPG
 
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  • #2,257
Some Aurora in the North West of the UK

c/o astranut


1728656173710.png


1728656209893.png


and my work colleague Katie


1728656267890.png
 
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  • #2,258
Saturn and several of its moons last Thursday night.
To the left is Dione.
The bright one to the upper right is Titan.
Below Titan is Tethys.
Mimas and Hyperion are also in the picture but are too dim to make out.

Saturn_2024_10_11_0618_3_Final_ForPF.jpg


'Not my best image of Saturn; I had issues.

I won't complain about San Diego's entire month of night-haze/fog, since it's trivial compared to the devastation in other parts of the country here. But it did keep me from getting an image closer to Saturn's opposition in September.

This is my first planetary image with the new telescope setup. There's still a few kinks that need to be worked out. I did not use the atmospheric dispersion corrector (ADC), nor a barlow/Powermate for this one. I need to make a few tweaks to the mount's control interface before I attempt that. I'm still learning/experimenting.

Equipment:
Celestron C14 EdgeHD telescope
SkyWatcher EQ8-R Pro mount
ZWO ASI585MC camera

Software:
FireCapture
AutoStakkert! 4
PixInsight
WinJUPOS

Acquisition/Processing:
Location: San Diego, CA, USA.
Atmospheric Seeing: Slightly on the sad side of "meh."
Midpoint timestamp: 2024-10-11 06:18.3 UTC.
Several hours worth of 1-minute videos were captured with FireCapture.
Nine contiguous 1-minute videos were selected.
Each video processed with AutoStakkert!
Each of the 9 images sharpened and processed in PixInsight.
Each of the sharpened images derotated and combined in WinJUPOS.
 
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  • #2,259
Saturn seems rather oblate. Optical illusion from the rings or are the poles dark in this picture.

Clearly Saturn needs more moons too!
 
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  • #2,260
Has anyone seen Comet C/2023 A3 Tsuchinshan-ATLAS? I think I saw it tonight. This was about 8 pm. Note the smudge above the sign on the fence. Venus is at far left, and Arcturus is at top right. There was some light haze near the horizon. I'll try again in another day or two, when I might get a clearer view.

IMG_0694.jpeg
 
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  • #2,261
A clear moonless week of nights, so I continued to image Sh2-125 (Cocoon Nebula):

Sh2-125-St-72002s-1.jpg


Nikon D810 + Nikkor 400/2.8 @ f/4 mounted on Losmandy GM-8. 10s subs, 20 h total integration time. A 1:1 crop:

Untitled.jpg
 
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  • #2,262
Quick stack and edit of comet C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinshan-ATLAS) shot using a simple tripod from earlier tonight (CET). 11 individual 6s exposures with 70 mm focal length (Canon 70-200mm F4L @ F/5.6 and a Canon 5D mk III @ ISO 6400). Note the faint anti-tail and globular cluster Messier 5 (fuzzy spot just left of 12 O'clock from the comet nucleus)

Not sure why some bright stars are square, must be a DSS stacking artifact, haven't used it in a while. Weather looks good tomorrow as well, will go back with a wider lens.

The comet was pretty nice naked eye and gorgeous in 7x50 mm binos.
C2023 A3 (quick stack and edit).jpg
 
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  • #2,263
collinsmark said:
Not my best image of Saturn
Nevertheless. it is excellent.

Is the scope too big for Jupiter? If that's Saturn, Jupiter must be enormous and bright.
 
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  • #2,264
Vanadium 50 said:
Nevertheless. it is excellent.

Is the scope too big for Jupiter? If that's Saturn, Jupiter must be enormous and bright.

Nah, the scope is the right size. The Saturn picture is actually a pretty heavy crop from a very small sensor -- yet still a heavy crop. I could have done better by using a 2x Barlow lens (increases the focal length by 2X). 'Same goes for Jupiter. A 2X Barlow lens, for an effective f/ ratio of around f/22 will help improve image quality.

One of the challenges of planetary (as in planetary astrophotography) is just getting the target into the field of view in the first place. If the telescope's pointing is not perfectly centered (it never is), you just see nothing. A whole bunch of nothing. Plate solving is useless, since it's way too "zoomed in" for that. It's just a whole bunch of nothing.

And a 2X Barlow makes finding the target 4X as difficult, since there's only 1/4 the field of view area compared to no Barlow.

There are some tricks to use to get the target in the field of view. I won't discuss those here: that's a whole post on its own. But there are ways to get the planet to line up with the camera's small sensor.

The problem I was having is that when my laptop is connected to the telescope mount, and then use the telescope's hand-controller to slew, to get the planet roughly centered in the finderscope, the mount automatically disables its tracking. Like, WTH, man?! It made everything vastly more difficult.

So, as a potential solution, I've got a game controller coming in the mail -- the same sort of game controller you use to play on game-consoles -- to control the mount through the laptop software. That way I don't even have to touch the mount's hand-controller. That way I can do everything through the software running on the laptop.

I'll try that next time.
 
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  • #2,265
Hi, here is not quite succesfull atempt of Tsuchinshan-ATLAS from 20.october-Bohmerwald CZ-cca 250x magnificied (direction by telescope is of course opposite- to up)-probably not quite good light condition and equipment as well... :wideeyed::H

IMG_2407U.JPG
 
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  • #2,266
Hi, here some results of my recent trip to Namibia.

Telescope: Lacerta 8" Fotonewton on mount EQ6-R PRO
Camera: Sony A7III modified
Software: Siril/Starnet - Fitswork - LightZone
Location: Astrofarm Kiripotib - Namibia
Date: Sept. 2024

NGC 1316 accompanied by NGC 1326 - Distance 70 Mill Lj.
Frames: 92x300 - ISO 400
Integration: 7h 40'
Field radius 1,2°
1730016691703.jpeg



NGC 5128, Centaurus A - Distance 17 Mill Lj
Frames: 46x300 - ISO 400
Integration: 3h 50'
Field radius 0,75°
1730016777196.jpeg
 
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  • #2,267
excellent!
👍 👍:smile:
 
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  • #2,268
Ghost Nebula* (Sh2-136) haunted from my back Patio, June-August 2024. The nebula can be found in the northern constellation Cepheus.

*(Not to be confused with Ghost of Cassiopeia [IC 63]; that's a different nebula.)

Ghost2024_Final_SmallForPF.jpg


I've been saving this one for the right time. Happy Halloween!

The Ghost Nebula is one of my favorite reflection nebulae, not just because it's intriguing and spooky, but because it reminds me of the treasured Glueslug.

Several decades ago, back in college, one of my friends acquired a Glueslug toy. It's this semi-translucent, rubbery slug-shaped thing about the size of a small bread roll (don't eat it though). You could toss it up to the ceiling, directly above the sofa or comfy-chair, and it would stay there, stuck to the ceiling for hours. Then later when some unsuspecting soul went into the living room to watch Ren and Stimpy or to study, the Glueslug would fall onto their lap or head. Oh, what fun we had.

Equipment:
Celestron C14 EdgeHD telescope
SkyWatcher EQ8-R Pro mount
Celestron 0.7x Focal reducer (for C14 EdgeHD)
Off-axis guider (OAG) with guide camera
Baader LRGB filter set
ZWO ASI6200MM-Pro Main Camera

Software:
N.I.N.A.
PHD2 Guiding
PixInsight with RC-Astro Plugins

Acquisition/Integration:
Location: San Diego, USA
Bortle Class 7 (maybe 8 ) skies
All subframes binned 2×2
Stacked using drizzle algorithm
L: 693×40 sec = 7.70 hrs
R: 672×60 sec = 11.20 hrs
G: 784×60 sec = 13.07 hrs
B: 690×60 sec = 11.50 hrs
Total integration time: 43.47 hours

=================
If I'm not mistaken, here is what the Glueslug looked like:
tumblr_pp3pg2bPzl1tltcnj_1280.jpg

tumblr_pp3pg1Lska1tltcnj_500.jpg
 
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  • #2,269
Borg said:
Coming soon to a galaxy near you - T Coronae Borealis Nova.

I do a 2-hour walk every day - usually at night. And (weather permitting, of course) I have been keeping an eye on Coronae Borealis. Except for the fact that is has worked its way to the western horizon as the Sun prepares to transit that part of the sky, nothing has happened.

So, could we reschedule this for next year - and since I am more likely to be walking outdoors in the evening (as opposed to the morning) could we make it for mid-summer to mid-fall?

Thanks,
Scott
 
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  • #2,270
More on T Coronae Borealis Nova:
I just ran into this IFL Science article published a month ago. It echoes some of what I said in my last post.

There's a good reason why they bemoaned tardiness of the T CrB show a month before I did. T CrB is at a declination of 25.9N and I am at 42.7N - north of all major Earth-bound observatories. So while I'm just loosing my view now - most Blaze-Gazers lost it weeks ago.

But there is one hopeful point that that article made - the widely announced Blaze time window was never that certain. It was a prediction by a Prof Bradley Schaefer, and it was not a simple linear extrapolation from earlier observations.

This paper documents those observations:
T Coronae Borealis was discovered to have risen from magnitude 9.8 to 3.0 on February 9, 1946, by Norman F. H. Wright, of Bedford Park, England, and by Armin J. Deutsch, at the Yerkes Observatory, 3 months less than 80 years after J. Birmingham had discovered a similar rise to magnitude 2 on May 12, 1866. It is, therefore, without question, a recurrent nova.
So using a strictly linear extrapolation, we would put the Blaze at early November, 2025. Not that I'm trying to make any prediction. But this "November 2025" value suggests that Schaefer's predictions were based on wrong assumptions - and the nature of those assumptions (for example, trying to use the possible 1787 observation) are likely to be not just imprecise but inaccurate.

So, we aren't dealing with a bell curve with the center somewhere in September 2024, and the good observation opportunities of Summer and Fall 2025 several standard deviations less likely that this Winter.

And it is certainly not beyond hope that the Blaze will wait for better times.
 
  • #2,271
M27CA.jpg


Mentor's Note: Post merged into this thread.
Taken with my Seestar S50 44 minutes processed and cropped in GIMP
 

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  • #2,272
Hello, I add atempts of Saturn, Jupiter and Trapezium (Orion nebula centre) from Saturday -Bohmerwald.
Images are little highlighted (sharpened) by Gimp and made by eyepiece camera Toupsky with newton scope 1000x200 mm. :wideeyed: :wideeyed::smile: Lot of succes....
 

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  • #2,273
Eastern Veil Nebula (Caldwell 34), pulled from my back patio, Aug-Sept 2024. If you ignore the "tail" and concentrate on the "Head" of the Eastern Veil Nebula, that smaller section is sometimes called the "Bat Nebula"* (NGC 6995; upper, and slightly to the left in the image). I posted an image of the Bat Nebula a couple of years ago using a different setup. The image here is a larger field of view showing the whole Eastern Veil Nebula.

*(Not to be confused with the Flying Bat Nebula [Sh 2-129] or the Cosmic Bat Nebula [LDN 43]. Those are different nebulae.)

The Eastern Veil Nebula is part of an even larger structure (not shown in its entirety in the image) called The Cygnus Loop (Sharpless 103).

EasternVeil2024_Final_SmallForPF.jpg


Equipment:
Explore Scientific 80ED-FCD100
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro
Orion Field Flattener for Short Refractors
Off-axis guider (OAG) with guide camera
Baader 3.5/4nm Ultra-Narrowband filter set
ZWO ASI2600MM-Pro main camera

Software:
N.I.N.A.
PHD2 guiding
PixInsight with RC-Astro plugins

Acquisition/Integration:
Location: San Diego, USA
Bortle class 7 (maybe 8 ) skies
All subframes binned 1x1
Stacked using the drizzle algorithm
SHO mapping
SII: 80×480s = 10.67 hrs
Hα: 91×480s = 12.13 hrs
Oiii: 87×480s = 11.60 hrs
Total integration time: 34.40 hours.
 
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  • #2,274
Hello, here is still another Jupiter and Saturn version (little better-Jupiter probably me best up to now. :wideeyed: :confused:)
Lot of Success and have no light pollution👍👍
 

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  • #2,275
Since it's going to be cloudy for another week or so, I'll go ahead and post results of imaging M31 at either 400mm or 800mm focal length:

M31-St-77352s_400mm.jpg


Nikon D810 + nikkor 400/2.8 (shot at f/4), mounted on Losmandy GM-8. 10s subs, 21.5 hours total integration time, stacking and post process in Astro Pixel Processor

M31-St-63148s.jpg


Nikon D810 + nikkor 400/2.8 (shot at f/4) + 2x tele , mounted on Losmandy GM-8. 10s subs, 17.5 hours total integration time, stacking and post process in Astro Pixel Processor.

I wanted to try this comparison b/c at 800mm, M31 just barely fits in the field of view, meaning that I have to work harder to correct the image corner-to-corner rather than just crop. Also, imaging at f/4 captures a lot more light than at f/8, so accumulating enough signal for a decent SNR requires less time.

Other than differences in color and field of view, it's hard to tell if there are substantive differences at this scale. It's much more obvious at 1:1, which I'll accentuate even more by posting a field of view with a double star at 2:1 (800mm) and 4:1 (400mm):

400mm:
Untitled 2.jpg


and 800mm:
Untitled.jpg


The differences in image sharpness are (IMO) primarily due to seeing effects; under conditions of 'diffraction-limited imaging' the images should look much more similar.
 
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  • #2,276
collinsmark said:
Eastern Veil Nebula (Caldwell 34), pulled from my back patio, Aug-Sept 2024. If you ignore the "tail" and concentrate on the "Head" of the Eastern Veil Nebula, that smaller section is sometimes called the "Bat Nebula"* (NGC 6995; upper, and slightly to the left in the image). I posted an image of the Bat Nebula a couple of years ago using a different setup. The image here is a larger field of view showing the whole Eastern Veil Nebula.

*(Not to be confused with the Flying Bat Nebula [Sh 2-129] or the Cosmic Bat Nebula [LDN 43]. Those are different nebulae.)

The Eastern Veil Nebula is part of an even larger structure (not shown in its entirety in the image) called The Cygnus Loop (Sharpless 103).

View attachment 353349

Equipment:
Explore Scientific 80ED-FCD100
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro
Orion Field Flattener for Short Refractors
Off-axis guider (OAG) with guide camera
Baader 3.5/4nm Ultra-Narrowband filter set
ZWO ASI2600MM-Pro main camera

Software:
N.I.N.A.
PHD2 guiding
PixInsight with RC-Astro plugins

Acquisition/Integration:
Location: San Diego, USA
Bortle class 7 (maybe 8 ) skies
All subframes binned 1x1
Stacked using the drizzle algorithm
SHO mapping
SII: 80×480s = 10.67 hrs
Hα: 91×480s = 12.13 hrs
Oiii: 87×480s = 11.60 hrs
Total integration time: 34.40 hours.
Your Eastern Veil nebula with such rich details and faint nebula outside is really amazing! It's long exposure but its surprising that this is possible at all with bortle class 7/8.

Here for comparison the Eastern Veil nebula with total integration time 1h 27'. There are not even traces of such faint details your image shows.

SQM 20, bortle class 4/5
1731513234873.jpeg

Date: Sept. 2022
Location: Wachenheim an der Weinstraße, Germany
TS-Optics UNC 200 mm f/4 Newton-Teleskop
Skywatcher HEQ-5 Pro SynScan GoTo
Guiding: StarAid Revolution B
Kamera: Sony A7III modifiziert
GPU 2" Newton Koma Korrektor
Filter: Optolong L-Enhance
 
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  • #2,277
timmdeeg said:
Your Eastern Veil nebula with such rich details and faint nebula outside is really amazing! It's long exposure but its surprising that this is possible at all with bortle class 7/8.

Here for comparison the Eastern Veil nebula with total integration time 1h 27'. There are not even traces of such faint details your image shows.

SQM 20, bortle class 4/5
View attachment 353456
Date: Sept. 2022
Location: Wachenheim an der Weinstraße, Germany
TS-Optics UNC 200 mm f/4 Newton-Teleskop
Skywatcher HEQ-5 Pro SynScan GoTo
Guiding: StarAid Revolution B
Kamera: Sony A7III modifiziert
GPU 2" Newton Koma Korrektor
Filter: Optolong L-Enhance

Thanks! Your image is great too! :smile:

My image was shot using narrowband filters and a monochrome camera. The mount (Sky Watcher EQ6-R Pro) is quite stable with excellent tracking, and the guiding was done using an off-axis guider (good resolution in guiding, and minimal differential flexture between the main camera and guide camera).

The use of narrowband filters (with the monochrome camera) is the real key here. As long as the tracking and guiding are sufficient to allow exposures that are long enough to reduce the impact of read noise, the resulting signal to noise ratio can be quite impressive, even in moderately light-polluted locations. [Edit: and further increases to the S/N can be obtained @ Central Limit Theorem, with the 30 hours of integration.]
 
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  • #2,278
Thanks for your explanation! I started Astrofotografie 2 1/2 years ago and learning seems never ending.
 
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  • #2,279
Hercules Galaxy Cluster* (Abell 2151) captured from my back patio, April-Sept, 2024. The cluster can be observed in the constellation Hercules (hence its name).

*(Not to be confused with The Great Globular Cluster in Hercules [M13], that's a different cluster. And also that's a completely different type of cluster altogether. Both can be seen in the constellation Hercules, though.)

HerculesCluster2024_Final_SmallForPF.jpg


Most of the sharp, bright dots are stars are within our own Milky Way galaxy. The objects behind those stars -- the fuzzy blobs, spirals, and weird shapes -- are actually whole galaxies that lie hundreds of millions of light-years away.

Equipment:
Celestron C14 EdgeHD telescope
SkyWatcher EQ8-R Pro mount
Celestron 0.7x Focal reducer (for C14 EdgeHD)
Off-axis guider (OAG) with guide camera
Baader LRGB filter set
Antlia Hα filter
ZWO ASI6200MM-Pro Main Camera

Software:
N.I.N.A.
PHD2 Guiding
PixInsight with RC-Astro Plugins

Acquisition/Integration:
Location: San Diego, USA
Bortle Class 7 (maybe 8 ) skies
All subframes binned 2×2
Stacked using drizzle algorithm
L: 580×60 sec = 9.33 hrs
R: 135×60 sec + 87x120 sec = 5.15 hrs
G: 172×120 sec = 5.73 hrs
B: 169×120 sec = 5.63 hrs
Hα: 84×600 sec = 14.00 hrs
Total integration time: 39.85 hours
 
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  • #2,280
An article on Blaze start T Crb: Space.com
In a nut shell: Any month now - no telling when.
 
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  • #2,281
I have been quite excited when I saw ARP 273 for the first time, what an admirable beauty! This pair of interacting galaxies is about 340 Millions light years away from us in the constellation of Andromeda.

More details from Wikipedia:

The larger of the spiral galaxies, known as UGC 1810, is about five times more massive than the smaller galaxy.[6] It has a disc that is tidally distorted into a rose-like shape by the gravitational pull of the companion galaxy below it, known as UGC 1813. The smaller galaxy shows distinct signs of active star formation at its nucleus,[7] and "it is thought that the smaller galaxy has actually passed through the larger

Unfortunately I could capture only about 3 1/2 hours due to a problem after doing meridian flip.


Aufgenommen am 29.11.2024 in Wachenheim, SQM lag bei 20,2, Temperatur 5° C.

UNC 200 Newton auf HEQ-5
Kamera Sony A7III modifiziert
41x300 - ISO 640, ges. 3h 25'
Feldradius 0,35°
Siril/Starnet - Fitswork - LightZone

1733302466509.jpeg
 
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  • #2,282
The Lion Nebula (Sh2-132, Sharpless 132, LBN 473) tamed from my back patio, Sept-Oct, 2024. Sh2-132 is an emission nebula found in the constellation Cepheus.

Lion2024_Final_SmallForPF.jpg


Although it's commonly known as the Lion Nebula, I privately call it the Mittens Nebula, based on my neighbor's cat, Mr. Mittens, who, during acquisition and processing of the nebula's image, stopped over occasionally, presumably to keep tabs on the photography and astrophotography status.

Equipment:
Explore Scientific 80ED-FCD100
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro
Orion Field Flattener for Short Refractors
Off-axis guider (OAG) with guide camera
Baader 3.5/4nm Ultra-Narrowband filter set
ZWO ASI2600MM-Pro main camera

Software:
N.I.N.A.
PHD2 guiding
PixInsight with RC-Astro plugins

Acquisition/Integration:
Location: San Diego, USA
Bortle class 7 (maybe 8 ) skies
All subframes binned 1x1
Stacked using the drizzle algorithm
SHO mapping
SII: 91×480s = 12.13 hrs
Hα: 99×480s = 13.20 hrs
Oiii: 82×480s = 10.93 hrs
Total integration time: 36.27 hours.
 
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I was hoping for more clear nights, here's M31:

M31_combined-St copy.jpeg


Deets: Nikon D810 + 800/5.6 @ f/8 on Losmandy GM-8, 10s subs and 19.6 hrs total integration time. Stacking and post-processing with AstroPixel Processor. At 800mm focal length, M31 barely fits in the field of view: the cluster [JSD2015] AP 522 is at the extreme lower left corner and HII region BA 1-379 in the extreme upper right corner.
 
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  • #2,284
The Helix Nebula (NGC 7293) Eyed from my back patio, Aug-Sept, 2024. NGC 7293 is a planetary nebula (nothing actually to do with planets though) in the constellation Aquarius.

Helix2024_Final_SmallForPF.jpg


This is image is made from all new data and new equipment compared to the one I took about three years ago. The equipment was replaced bit by bit over the years, in a Theseus's Ship sort of way. So I figured it was time to revisit the Helix Nebula. I also hope my image processing skills have improved a little since then.

Equipment:
Celestron C14 EdgeHD telescope
SkyWatcher EQ8-R Pro mount
Celestron 0.7x Focal reducer (for C14 EdgeHD)
Off-axis guider (OAG) with guide camera
Antlia 3nm Narrowband (SII, Hα, Oiii) filter set
ZWO ASI6200MM-Pro Main Camera

Software:
N.I.N.A.
PHD2 Guiding
PixInsight with RC-Astro Plugins

Acquisition/Integration:
Location: San Diego, USA
Bortle Class 7 (maybe 8 ) skies
All subframes binned 2×2
Stacked using drizzle algorithm
SHO+HOO combo mapping
SII: 65×600 sec = 10.83 hrs
Hα: 80×600 sec = 13.33 hrs
Oiii: 68×600 sec = 11.33 hrs
Total integration time: 35.50 hours
.
 
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collinsmark said:
The Helix Nebula (NGC 7293) Eyed from my back patio, Aug-Sept, 2024. NGC 7293 is a planetary nebula (nothing actually to do with planets though) in the constellation Aquarius.

View attachment 354697

This is image is made from all new data and new equipment compared to the one I took about three years ago. The equipment was replaced bit by bit over the years, in a Theseus's Ship sort of way. So I figured it was time to revisit the Helix Nebula. I also hope my image processing skills have improved a little since then.

Equipment:
Celestron C14 EdgeHD telescope
SkyWatcher EQ8-R Pro mount
Celestron 0.7x Focal reducer (for C14 EdgeHD)
Off-axis guider (OAG) with guide camera
Antlia 3nm Narrowband (SII, Hα, Oiii) filter set
ZWO ASI6200MM-Pro Main Camera

Software:
N.I.N.A.
PHD2 Guiding
PixInsight with RC-Astro Plugins

Acquisition/Integration:
Location: San Diego, USA
Bortle Class 7 (maybe 8 ) skies
All subframes binned 2×2
Stacked using drizzle algorithm
SHO+HOO combo mapping
SII: 65×600 sec = 10.83 hrs
Hα: 80×600 sec = 13.33 hrs
Oiii: 68×600 sec = 11.33 hrs
Total integration time: 35.50 hours
.
Wow. Move over Hubble! This is Messier 57, ring Nebula with similar features and colour palette.

Screenshot_2024-12-21-11-42-08-588~2.jpeg
 
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  • #2,286
I missed my chance to image asteroid 2024 PT5, it's been cloudy all month. I'm probably also done imaging M45 (Pleiades open cluster) this year:

M45-St-71082s.jpeg


Nikon D810 + Nikkor 800/8 mounted to Losmandy GM-8. 6 s subs, 19.75 h total integration time. Stacking ans post in AstroPixel Processor.

I've mentioned before about how my astrophotography images compress the dynamic range, and this is a good image to examine the "unintended side-effects". Near the center of M45 are stars HD 23463 and HD 23479. In my final stacked image, before tone mapping, these magnitude 9 stars are barely visible (500% crops):

M45-crop-no_stretch.jpg


After some minimal DDP tone mapping, many other stars become visible as well:

M45-crop-_minimum_stretch.jpg


The non-linear tone mapping results in brighter stars appearing larger, and the aperture diffraction pattern starts to become visible. The final image (above) lookseven more compressed:

M45-crop-final_stretch.jpg
 
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  • #2,287
Hello, I posted my last attempts of Orion neb. center with trapezium, on Bohmerwald (concerning light smog is better than in Prag but not satysfiing so far) from Saturday with mobile camera adapter on eyepiece 8 mm and Newton 1000x200 mm. Next ones marked as "..photo of photo" is secondary photo of mobile screen as was apeared but not possible to take primary photo due to long exposition neccesity. +one sunspot with detail (dark lines artefact is particulary damaged one lens of mobile)
Hapy new year...:smile::smile:
 

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  • #2,288
Some one day late New Years fireworks from Sundsvall, Sweden.

All images are 4 second exposures on a tripod, with a Canon EF 14mm f/2.8 L USM II lens at f/4, on a Canon 5D mk IV using ISO3200.

3H3A5256_1280w.JPG

3H3A5246_1600w.JPG3H3A5262_1600w.JPG3H3A5250_1280.JPG
 
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NGC 7822 captured from my back patio, Oct.-Nov., 2024. NGC 7822 is an emission nebula and star forming region in the constellation Cepheus.

NGC7822_Final_SmallForPF.jpg


Shown here in my image is only a portion of the entire nebula. The full nebula (not shown here) looks kinda-sorta like a giant question mark (i.e., "?"), which could be captured with a smaller, wider field telescope. The section that I've captured here looks like me after a long evening at the pub.

Equipment:
Explore Scientific 80ED-FCD100
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro
Orion Field Flattener for Short Refractors
Off-axis guider (OAG) with guide camera
Baader 3.5/4nm Ultra-Narrowband filter set
ZWO ASI2600MM-Pro main camera

Software:
N.I.N.A.
PHD2 guiding
PixInsight with RC-Astro plugins

Acquisition/Integration:
Location: San Diego, USA
Bortle class 7 (maybe 8 ) skies
All subframes binned 1x1
Stacked using the drizzle algorithm
SHO mapping
SII: 127×480s = 16.93 hrs
Hα: 81×480s = 10.80 hrs
Oiii: 120×480s = 16.00 hrs
Total integration time: 43.73 hours.
 
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You folks are making me jealous! I'm having trouble imaging due to equipment problems that might require a new mount. No idea when I'll be able to afford a new one.
 
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  • #2,291
NGC 520, called the "Flying Ghost" by some, captured from my back patio, Aug-Dec, 2024. NGC 520 is a pair of interacting galaxies that lie roughly 100 million light-years away. It can be observed in the constellation Pisces.

NGC520_2024_Final_SmallForPF.jpg


NGC 520 is pretty bright, and can be seen even with a small telescope, as a small smudge, if you have the right viewing conditions. The galaxy collision creates a lot of new star formation, explaining its relative brightness. It's seen as a small smudge due to its relatively large distance from us. But it's still relatively bright, as far as galaxies go.

(Edit: By bright here I mean what astronomers call "surface brightness," which is a bit of a misnomer since galaxies don't have surfaces, so to speak. What it means is the flux density, or intensity per unit angular area.)

My larger 14" telescope almost brings it into view.

I'm not sure that it looks like a flying ghost. Maybe a dinosaur? I don't know.

Equipment:
Celestron C14 EdgeHD telescope
SkyWatcher EQ8-R Pro mount
Celestron 0.7x Focal reducer (for C14 EdgeHD)
Off-axis guider (OAG) with guide camera
Baader LRGB filter set
Antlia Hα filter
ZWO ASI6200MM-Pro Main Camera

Software:
N.I.N.A.
PHD2 Guiding
PixInsight with RC-Astro Plugins

Acquisition/Integration:
Location: San Diego, USA
Bortle Class 7 (maybe 8 ) skies
All subframes binned 2×2
Stacked using drizzle algorithm
L: 537×60 sec = 8.95 hrs
R: 540×60 sec = 9.00 hrs
G: 561×60 sec = 9.35 hrs
B: 604×60 sec = 10.07 hrs
Hα: 49×600 sec = 8.17 hrs
Total integration time: 45.53 hours
 
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  • #2,292
I recently re-processed the Wizard Nebula taken last year in Hubble Palette simulated colours. The image was taken with narrowband ZWO duoband filter capturing HA and OIII and I have figured out a way to process this into the se hubble colours for the first time since I started astrophotography.


wizardhubble copy 2.jpg


Image source: Astroimagery

The image is composed of 400 x 2 minute lights
130mm Celestron 130slt OTA
CEM 26 Ioptron EQ mount
Autoguiding
Bortle 5.
ZWO ASI533 MCPRO @0C
APT, SIRIL, Photoshop
 
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Beautiful image. To me it provides the feeling of mysterious charm deeper down the layers.
 
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A work-in-progress image of IC434 (Horsehead Nebula) and surroundings:

IC_434_Horsehead-St-60521s copy.jpeg


Nikon D810 + Nikkor 400/2.8 @ f/4 on a Losmandy GM8. 10s subs, total integration time = 17h. Stacking and post-processing with AstroPixel Processor.

Definitely happy with how this is going- I'm able to successfully image several molecular clouds (IC 423, IC 426) IC 424 (a reflection nebula)- but I need more observation time to clean this up.

This time of year, clear nights are a rarity- maybe once every other week. If I can get another 5 nights over the next 2 months, I should be able to get the noise down to tolerable levels.
 
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  • #2,295
Jupiter, on the night of 2025-01-19 UT

2025-01-19-0613_9-U-RGB_Final_Prototype.jpg

Figure 1. Jupiter 2025-01-19 6:13.9 UT

I might have said this sort of thing before, but I'll explain it again here for the sake of newcomers. Planetary astrophotography using lucky-image processing has its pros and cons, compared to more conventional deep sky astrophotography.

Planetary astrophotography pros:
  • Planetary cameras are cheaper. They're a fraction of the cost of big, expensive, cooled cameras commonly dedicated to deep sky astrophotography. For planetary, you don't need a cooled camera.
  • You don't need a separate guide camera or guide scope. If any automated guiding is done at all (FireCapture supports guiding if you're curious), it's done by the main planetary camera used for imaging. And if you don't use automated guiding, planetary is pretty forgiving when manually guiding. All you need to do is to use the hand-controller or whatnot, to ensure the target doesn't drift out of frame during acquisition.
  • Since the planetary camera's sensor is small, that means any filters you use can also be smaller, and thus cheaper.
  • Calibration frames -- FLATs and DARKs -- are not as important for planetary. Sure, you can make these if you really want to, but they'll have comparatively little impact. It's fine to neglect them.

Planetary astrophotography cons:
  • Planetary involves a stupid amount of raw data. Here, "stupid" refers to one step above "ludicrous" and two steps above "incredible." It's just a stupid, stupid amount of data. For the session I posted here, it took between 1 and 2 terabytes of raw data. That's between 1000 and 2000 gigabytes of raw data. Planetary can fill up a modern storage drive in a single session.
  • While guiding isn't really an issue, pointing is. Finding your target in the first place can be challenging.
  • Planetary astrophotography is more hands-on than deep sky. It doesn't lend itself as well to automation. I try to automate wherever I can, but planetary presents some unique challenges and there's only so much one can do.
  • When processing planetary data, it helps to have a pretty beefy computer. And you'll need some method of transferring the (stupid amount of) raw data to the beefy computer. (Transferring a terabyte of data over a Gigabit ethernet connection still takes hours. If you rely on wireless, it might take over a day, just to transfer the data. That doesn't include processing.)

Lucky-imaging:

The goal of lucky-imaging is to mitigate atmospheric seeing. Atmospheric seeing will warp and distort the target with a characteristic time on the order of tens of milliseconds or so. To counteract this, you need to take many, many images, each with a short exposure time to get many, many snapshots of the target. Each "snapsot" will be warped a little differently than the rest, to varying extents. For the project posted here, each of the "snapshot" images were about 12 milliseconds in exposure time. They were recorded in the planetary camera in the form of videos. Each video lasted 40 seconds. Any longer than ~40 sec and the resulting output would be blurred not just from atmospheric seeing, but from the planet's rotation.

The lucky imaging software then evaluates all the snapshots and throws away the worst of them. In my case, for what's shown in this post, 50% of them.

If your target is large enough and bright enough (Jupiter, Saturn, Mars, the Moon, or the Sun make good candidates), the lucky imaging software can "latch-on" to surface details on the target, and de-warp the individual snapshots using the ensemble average as a reference.

Only then, after lucky selection and de-warping, are individual snapshots stacked. Stacking is where the Central Limit Theorem comes into play to increase the signal to noise ratio.

Another step involves sharpening via software. There will always be some residual blur from the atmosphere, and conventional sharpening software does a pretty good job at undoing that.

The final result is an image that has details on par with the diffraction limit of the telescope optics.

De-rotation:

Once you've done the lucky-imaging processing and initial sharpening, you can do some additional and intentional "warping" to account for the planet's rotation, allowing you to stack a few more processed images into a single image. Think of this as a noise reduction technique, giving the Central Limit Theorem one last go at the data. This is the primary purpose of WinJUPOS derotation.

Here's another image of the session:

2025-01-19-0404_3-U-RGB_SmallForPF.jpg

Figure 2: Jupiter 2025-01-19 4:04.3 UT. Here you can see a bit of an outbreak in the SEB (South Equatorial Belt) to the right in the image, and some neat weather patterns in the EB (Equatorial Band) in the center.

And finally, here's a video I put together of session, where each frame is lucky-imaging processed image. It goes without saying that these videos take a lot of time and effort.


Figure 3: Video. Jupter from 4:04 to 6:52 UT.

Equipment:
Celestron C14 EdgeHD (telescope)
Sky-Watcher EQ8-R Pro (mount)
TeleVue 2x PowerMate (a fancy Barlow lens)
Astronomik RGB filter set
ZWO ASI 290MM (monochrome camera)

Software:
FireCapture (for acquisition)
AutoStakkert! (lucky imaging processing)
WinJUPOS (for derotation)
PixInsight with RC Astro plugins (misc. processing)
CyberLink PowerDirector (to make the video)

Acquisition/Processing:
Location: San Diego
Atmospheric seeing: Not too terribly evil.
Sub-frame exposure time: ~12 ms.
Acquisition video length: 40 sec, alternating R-G-B-R-G-B...

Lucky Imaging:
Best 50% frames kept
Drizzle/Resampling not used.

Initial sharpening was done on the AutoStakkert! output images using PixInsight processes:
MultiscaleLinearTransform
UnsharpMask

For each color channel (R, G, or B) 5 images were derotated and stacked using WinJUPOS. Images were then combined into a single RGB image, also using WinJUPOS. Derotation was also done to keep a smooth continuity for times during re-focusing and meridian flip.

Final adjustments in PixInsight using
CurvesTransformation
NoiseXTerminator
BlurXTerminator

243 Individual, processed frames were then imported to PowerDirector to create the final video.
 
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Mars, 2025-01-19, from my back patio.

Mars_2025_01_19_0916_5_Final.jpg

Figure 1. Mars 2025-01-19 09:16.5 UT

Data was acquired about a week after closest approach. Earth and Mars' closest approaches happen about every 2 years (just over that), given their orbits. This particular "closest approach" wasn't a particularly good one (a function of Earth's and Mars' perihelions, aphelions, inclinations, and where the planets are in their orbits at a given time). The next pretty good closest approach won't happen until September, 2035. But we'll still get some (at least) mediocre ones about every couple of years in the mean time.


Figure 2. Mars video, 2025-01-19 From 7:27 to 9:31 UT (just over 2 hours)

I blame the wobble in the video on myself. I could have made a smoother video by using different settings in my processing. I didn't bother re-doing it, since I had already put in days of work before I noticed the wobble. Live and learn. But I also kind of like it. It is representative of present times.

======================
Thoughts on Atmospheric Seeing:

I didn't emphasize this enough in my last post: When it comes to planetary astrophotography, atmospheric seeing is king. Seeing isn't particularly critical in deep sky astrophotography, but it's everything in planetary.

I mentioned last time that lucky-imaging can mitigate the nasty effects of seeing, but only to a point. I mentioned that the lucky imaging software can "latch on" to surface details of the target. But if the seeing is bad enough such that the surface details are unrecognizable, then all hope is lost.

So if you're out doing planetary, and the ~10 ms "snapshots" are all nothing but a chaotic soup, you might just have to wait awhile (possibly the next night out) until the seeing is better. Don't fret, it's not your fault. The atmosphere just does that.

The image and video shown here for Mars were taken on the same night I took the Jupiter images shown in the previous post, where the seeing wasn't half bad. On several occasions after that I tried to get back out so I can make a longer Mars video. But results weren't as good due to worse seeing conditions.

That's just the nature of the planetary game. Sometimes you just record oodles of terabytes hoping the seeing will calm down for at least a few minutes, only to end up with little or nothing to show for it. Stay persistent until things turn around, as frustrating as it might be.
=======================

Equipment:
Celestron C14 EdgeHD (telescope)
Sky-Watcher EQ8-R Pro (mount)
TeleVue 2x PowerMate (a fancy Barlow lens)
Astronomik RGB filter set
ZWO ASI 290MM (monochrome camera)

Software:
FireCapture (for acquisition)
AutoStakkert! (lucky imaging processing)
WinJUPOS (for derotation)
PixInsight with RC Astro plugins (misc. processing)
CyberLink PowerDirector (to make the video)

Acquisition/Processing:
Location: San Diego, USA
Date/Time: 2025-01-19 From 7:27 to 9:31 UT
Atmospheric seeing: Not too terribly evil.
Sub-frame exposure time: ~12 ms.
Acquisition video length: 80 sec, alternating R-G-B-R-G-B...

Lucky Imaging:
Best 50% frames kept
Drizzle/Resampling not used (i.e., Off).

Initial sharpening was done on the AutoStakkert! output images using PixInsight processes:
IntegerResample (2x upscaling)
MultiscaleLinearTransform
UnsharpMask

For each color channel (R, G, or B) 5 images were derotated and stacked using WinJUPOS. Images were then combined into a single RGB image, also using WinJUPOS. Derotation was also done to keep a smooth continuity including times during re-focusing and meridian flip.

Final adjustments in PixInsight using
CurvesTransformation
NoiseXTerminator
BlurXTerminator

184 Individual, processed frames were then imported to PowerDirector to create the final video.
 
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  • #2,297
collinsmark said:
Jupiter

collinsmark said:
Mars
Lovely, gorgeous photos!

Can we expect Saturn from you soon? :smile:
(Or planet X, perhaps? :smile:)
 
  • #2,298
I was hoping for 5 clear nights over 2 months; I only got 3- here's the neighborhood of IC 434 (Horsehead Nebula):

IC_434_Horsehead-St-77093s copy.jpeg


Nikon D810 + nikkor 400/2.8 @ f4; 10s subs 21.5 total integration time. Pretty happy with this result, just wish the skies would clear up more often....
 
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  • #2,299
Venus and the Moon, February 1, 2025:

1.jpg



2.jpg
 
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You are here:

Universe - You are here.jpg

Quote: "Scientists have created the first map of a colossal supercluster of galaxies known as Laniakea, the home of Earth's Milky Way galaxy and many other. This computer simulation, a still from a Nature journal video, depicts the giant supercluster, with the Milky Way's location shown as a red dot."

Laniakea: Our home supercluster (Nature video)


(note: this is from 2014, but the article below says "new" :smile:)

Article: New Galactic Supercluster Map Shows Milky Way's 'Heavenly' Home (Space.com)
 
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