Particle kinetic energy is the energy that a particle possesses due to its motion. It is a form of mechanical energy and is dependent on the mass and velocity of the particle.
The formula for calculating particle kinetic energy is K.E. = 1/2 * m * v^2, where m is the mass of the particle and v is its velocity. The unit for particle kinetic energy is joules (J).
Particle kinetic energy is directly proportional to the temperature of a substance. As the kinetic energy of the particles in a substance increases, so does its temperature. This is because an increase in kinetic energy leads to more frequent and faster particle collisions, which results in an increase in temperature.
The state of matter is dependent on the average kinetic energy of its particles. When particles have low kinetic energy, they are in a solid state. As the kinetic energy increases, the particles break free from their fixed positions and the substance transitions into a liquid state. At even higher kinetic energy, the particles move even more freely and the substance becomes a gas.
Yes, particle kinetic energy can be converted into other forms of energy such as potential energy or thermal energy. For example, when a ball is thrown into the air, its kinetic energy is gradually converted into potential energy as it rises, and then back into kinetic energy as it falls. When particles collide and transfer energy, it can also result in an increase in thermal energy.