Schools Physics PhD programme in the states, what Universities to go for

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When considering PhD programs in physics in the United States, the level of university can significantly influence the experience. High-ranking universities may foster a competitive atmosphere, potentially leading to increased stress. However, the overall experience can vary greatly depending on the specific university, the chosen supervisor, and the research project. Most graduate programs require intense workloads during the first one or two years due to coursework and teaching responsibilities, but this intensity typically decreases as students transition into research. The choice of adviser is crucial; a supportive adviser can create a less stressful environment, while a highly selective one may require students to work harder to distinguish themselves. Experiences shared indicate that not all top-ranked institutions are cutthroat, and a positive departmental culture can enhance the PhD journey.
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I would like some advise about what universities to apply to in the states for PhD programmes in physics. In particular what level of university (as defined by school rankings etc). I've been told that the high end universities can be overly stressful and that they foster a highly competitive approach to study. Can you do an enjoyable PhD in a high end University? Or are you committing to being worked to the bone. I expect that a lot will depend on the university, supervisor and project.
To give you all a bit of background, I am Irish and have a first class honors degree in Physics and have yet to do my GRE's. All recommendations are welcome from any level and I would greatly appreciate any words of wisdom from people with experience. Thanks!
 
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At most graduate schools, the first year (or two) is pretty intense no matter where you go because you are usually taking a full load classes on top of being a TA or an RA. Once you are finished taking classes, you will still be pretty busy with research but you will not have the same workload as you did before.

As you mentioned in your post, who you want as an adviser will largely determine how hard you need to work. If your adviser is very selective about who he/she takes on as a student, then you will have to work harder to make yourself stand out.

I just started graduate school at a university ranked in the top 15 but not in the top 10 and the overall atmosphere of the department is not cutthroat competitive. I don't have the sense that I have to be better than everyone else in order to succeed in graduate school.

Hope this helps!
 
Hey, I am Andreas from Germany. I am currently 35 years old and I want to relearn math and physics. This is not one of these regular questions when it comes to this matter. So... I am very realistic about it. I know that there are severe contraints when it comes to selfstudy compared to a regular school and/or university (structure, peers, teachers, learning groups, tests, access to papers and so on) . I will never get a job in this field and I will never be taken serious by "real"...
Yesterday, 9/5/2025, when I was surfing, I found an article The Schwarzschild solution contains three problems, which can be easily solved - Journal of King Saud University - Science ABUNDANCE ESTIMATION IN AN ARID ENVIRONMENT https://jksus.org/the-schwarzschild-solution-contains-three-problems-which-can-be-easily-solved/ that has the derivation of a line element as a corrected version of the Schwarzschild solution to Einstein’s field equation. This article's date received is 2022-11-15...

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