Potential of a metal sphere with changing radius

[purple88hayes]

Homework Statement

An inflatable metal balloon assumed to be spherical with radius R is charged to a potential of 1000 V. After all the wires and batteries are disconnected, the balloon is inflated to a new radius 2R. Does the potential of the balloon change as it is inflated? If so, by what factor? If not, why not?

Homework Equations

V(pt. charge) = kQ/R

The Attempt at a Solution

I think the answer should be that yes, V does change by a factor of 1/2 since R increases by 2 and V is proportional to 1/R. However, I also want to think the potential is infinite at a point on the sphere. I think I understand that we can treat the sphere as a point charge, but what I don't understand is what happens when a charged particle is on the sphere. Why doesn't potential go to infinity? It seems that since the distance between some bit charge dQ of the sphere and the test charge is 0 this would blow up to infinity. I'm probably over-thinking the question but I seem to have dug myself into a hole of thorough confusion. Can someone help explain this to me? Any help is appreciated!

 

[Hootenanny]

Are we talking about the potential relative to a point inside the sphere or outside the sphere?

 

[purple88hayes]

I'm assuming when they say 1000V that's at point a point on R relative to infinity. So outside.

 

[purple88hayes]

Cool, thanks for your help, I really appreciate it! Those pictures were very useful! I'm still confused though. Why the function has to be piecewise smooth?

 

[Hootenanny]

I'm still confused though. Why the function has to be piecewise smooth?

Note that the electric field can be expressed as the gradient of the potential,

$$\underline{E} = \nabla V$$

Therefore, the potential must be continuously differentiable (at least once) in order to be physically meaningful, i.e. in order to associate an electric field with the potential, we must be able to differentiate it at least once. Therefore, the potential must be [piecewise] smooth.

 

[purple88hayes]

Alright, I think that makes sense. Thanks again for all your help!