Understanding Zorn's Lemma and Its Implications in Vector Spaces

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Zorn's Lemma is invoked in the proof that every vector space has a basis, but there is confusion regarding its application to the natural numbers. The claim that the union of a chain of subsets, U, serves as an upper bound for C leads to the erroneous conclusion that the natural numbers possess a maximal element. Specifically, when considering an infinite chain of natural numbers, the sum A of the elements in C does not remain a natural number, contradicting the assumption. This highlights a critical misunderstanding of the conditions under which Zorn's Lemma applies. The discussion emphasizes the importance of distinguishing between finite and infinite cases in set theory and vector spaces.
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I was reading the proof that every Vector Space has a basis which invoked Zorn's Lemma. The proof can be found http://mathprelims.wordpress.com/2009/06/10/every-vector-space-has-a-basis/" .

Now I have an issue specifically with the claim that U := \bigcup_{S\in C}S is an upper bound for C. Applying the same idea as the proof, this seems to imply that the natural numbers has a maximal element. Let C be a chain of natural numbers and similarly let us define A:=\sum_{n\in C}n Then A\in \mathbb{N} and is an upper bound for C. Applying Zorn's lemma then implies that the naturals have a maximal element.

What exactly am I missing here?
 
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Yuqing said:
Let C be a chain of natural numbers and similarly let us define A:=\sum_{n\in C}n Then A\in \mathbb{N}
No it's not... (if C is infinite, anyways)
 
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