To edit inputs in a Mathematica .nb file while keeping existing calculations intact, users can change specific variables, such as s0, to new values and evaluate the notebook. However, caution is advised as this may disrupt the code, particularly if the changes are not carefully managed. Users have noted that altering inputs can yield unexpected outputs, indicating potential issues in the calculations. When reversing calculations, attention must be paid to operations like division, as they can complicate the reversal process. Clarifying the steps and providing detailed examples can help others assist more effectively in troubleshooting.