Rotating eigenstates of J operator into each other?

Join the discussion
Ask a follow-up here, or get your own question answered by working scientists, mathematicians and engineers — people, not an autocomplete.
Real named experts · corrections over time · the nuance an AI answer skips
2 replies · 2K views
QualTime
Messages
3
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement



Consider the following set of eigenstates of a spin-J particle:

[tex] |j,j > , ... , |j,m > , ... | j , -j >[/tex]

where
[tex] \hbar^2 j(j+1) , \hbar m[/tex]
are the eigenvalues of J^2 and Jz, respectively. Is it always possible to rotate these states into each other? i.e. given |j,m> and |j,m'>, is it always possible to find a unitary rotation operator U^j such that
[tex] |j,m' > = U^{(j)} |j, m >[/tex]

***

Not too sure how to approach this problem, although given that
[tex] U^\dagger |j,m' > = U^\dagger U |j,m >[/tex]
and
[tex] < j,m' | j,m > = \delta_{mm'}[/tex]
I would think that
[tex] < j,m' | U^\dagger | j,m' > = 0[/tex]

which doesn't seem right hence the answer would be no.

Also the fact that the rotation matrix times a given eigenstate is in general a linear combination of 2j+1 independent states of the form |j,m'> makes me doubtful as well.

Any help would be appreciated (this isn't an actual homework question but taken from a practice exam so feel free to go into as much detail as possible as that would be really helpful).
 
Physics news on Phys.org
What do you mean by rotation? I think it is always possible to construct such a unitary operator. One could just do it explicitly.

[itex]U = \mathbf{I} - \mid j, m \rangle \langle j, m \mid - \mid j, m' \rangle \langle j, m' \mid + \mid j, m' \rangle \langle j, m \mid - \mid j, m \rangle \langle j, m' \mid[/itex]

I think the above would work. But do you consider that a rotation? I suppose one might consider all special unitary operators to be rotations in a sense (rotations in the Hilbert space). However I don't know if you mean rotations as in rotations in 3D space, that is ## U = e^{-i\theta \hat{\mathbf{n}} \cdot \mathbf{J}} ##. If this is what you mean, then I'm not sure of the answer. I know such rotations will often result in superpositions of m states, which is not what you want.
 
Last edited:
Rotation is a bit of a misnomer indeed. I think unitary transformation is what is meant here. I'll try your first suggestion (just need to check it's indeed unitary) but it looks good to me. Thanks.