Same Speed for Ball Thrown from Moving Car?

[Hepic]

We have two people. A person(A) that is stadning and another(B) one who drives his car,so he has some velocitty. Let's say that the person B throw a photon from his car. Let's suppose that photon will hit down and will go up again. So both guys see the same speed.
But If instead of light,he throw a ball then both will see the same speed for the ball always?

 

[PAllen]

No, there is a unique invariant speed, which we call the speed of light. According to relativity, there is one formula that covers all cases such as you describe:

Suppose B is moving at v relative to A. Suppose A throws 'something' at velocity u as measured by A. Then B sees the 'something' moving at:

(u-v)/ (1 - uv/c^2)

If you put u=c, you get c also for what B sees. For any other value of u, you get a different speed as observed by B. for u much less than c, this formula becomes empirically indistinguishable from u-v. But it is one formula for all cases.