To convert screen coordinates, which originate from the top left corner, to Cartesian coordinates, it's essential to understand that screen coordinates are already a form of Cartesian system. The main requirement is to adjust the origin and the direction of the positive y-axis. To achieve this, one must identify the center point of the screen and apply a translation to reposition it to the center of the Cartesian system. Additionally, a scaling factor is necessary to convert Cartesian coordinates to pixel values. The transformation equations are as follows: Xs = Xc + (X - Pcx) * S and Ys = Yc - (Y - Pcy) * S, where (X, Y) represents Cartesian coordinates, (Xs, Ys) are the corresponding screen coordinates, and Pcx and Pcy denote the center of the screen in Cartesian coordinates. This method allows for accurate mapping and can also facilitate inverse transformations for user interactions, such as mouse clicks.