Sizing Open Pipe System for Equal Head Losses

In summary, the conversation discusses an open pipe system that delivers a total of 200 gpm divided into two pipes, one with a flow rate of 50 gpm and the other with a flow rate of 150 gpm. The question is how water chooses between the two pipes, both of which have the same diameter and length. The conversation also mentions the use of the William Hazen equation flow chart to determine head loss, and the discrepancy between the expected head loss according to Bernoulli energy balance and the actual head loss calculated using the Hazen Williams equation. The speaker suggests that water may take the easiest path or the path with minimum losses, and that valves may be used to achieve the desired flow rates. The conversation concludes by
  • #1
firavia
137
0
If we have an open pipe system that will deliver in total 200 gpm divided in 2 pipes
the first pipe is 50 gpm and the second is 150 gpm , the 2 pipes have the same length , if we want to size the pipes where both pipes will have the same diameter , if we do that through william hazen equation flow chart we will get for each pipe a different head loss "slope"
m/100m head loss.
my question is first , how does water chose between the 2 pipes that have the same diameter and length to go in the fist 150 gpm and the second 50 gpm ?

my 2nd question is : according to bernoulli energy balance the head loss between "o &a" and "o&b" should be equal the same because

Po/guamma +Va square /2g -hl =0+vasquare/2.g
and po/guamma +vbsqaure/2g - hl =0 +vbsquare/2g
p.s: check the picture below for more explanation.

so the head loss must be the same , but using hazen william equation show us that they are not the same.?
p.s:the system is open to the atmosphere.
p.s:a pump is used to deliver the 200 gpm.
 

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  • #2
water takes the easiest path or the path with minimum losses
so here in your case your desired flow rates may be acheived by the means of valves
because if the system is only constructed of pipes water discharges via pipes will be approximatly the same
if you study the case of branched pipes systems the discharge will be always same
there is something missing in the system
 

1. What is an open pipe system?

An open pipe system is a type of piping system where the fluid flows freely without any external pressure or restriction. This type of system is commonly used in drainage systems, irrigation systems, and other applications where the fluid needs to be transported over a distance.

2. Why is it important to size open pipe systems for equal head losses?

Equal head losses ensure that each section of the pipe system experiences the same amount of pressure drop, which helps maintain a consistent flow rate. This is crucial for the proper functioning of the system and prevents any areas from becoming clogged or overloaded.

3. How do you calculate the head losses in an open pipe system?

The head losses in an open pipe system can be calculated using the Darcy-Weisbach equation, which takes into account factors such as pipe diameter, fluid velocity, and pipe roughness. Alternatively, software programs and charts are also available to help with the calculation process.

4. What factors should be considered when sizing an open pipe system?

When sizing an open pipe system, factors such as the fluid properties, flow rate, pipe material, and the length and elevation of the pipe should be taken into consideration. Other factors, such as potential clogging or corrosion, should also be considered when selecting the appropriate pipe size.

5. Can an open pipe system be modified for changes in flow rate?

Yes, an open pipe system can be modified for changes in flow rate by adjusting the pipe diameter or changing the elevation of the pipes. However, it is important to ensure that the head losses remain equal throughout the system to maintain a consistent flow rate.

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