Solving ODE by Laplace Transform: Where Did I Go Wrong?

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The forum discussion focuses on solving the ordinary differential equation (ODE) xy'' + y' + 4xy = 0 using the Laplace transform method. The user initially misapplied the derivative of the Laplace transform, leading to incorrect results. After identifying the error in the term -d(s²L(y))/ds, the user corrected the equation to -d(s²L(y))/ds + sL(y) - 4dL(y)/ds = 0, which aligns with the correct approach as verified by Wolfram Alpha. This correction is crucial for accurately solving the ODE.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Laplace transforms and their properties
  • Familiarity with ordinary differential equations (ODEs)
  • Knowledge of initial value problems in differential equations
  • Proficiency in calculus, particularly differentiation and integration techniques
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the application of Laplace transforms in solving linear ODEs
  • Explore the concept of initial value problems in greater detail
  • Learn about the properties of the Laplace transform, including linearity and shifting
  • Investigate common pitfalls in applying Laplace transforms to differential equations
USEFUL FOR

Students and educators in mathematics, particularly those studying differential equations, as well as engineers and physicists who apply ODEs in their work.

roughwinds
Messages
11
Reaction score
0
Member warned about posting without the homework template

Homework Statement


Use Laplace transform to solve the following ODE

Homework Equations


xy'' + y' + 4xy = 0, y(0) = 3, y'(0) = 0

The Attempt at a Solution


L(xy'') = -\frac{dL(y'')}{ds}

L(4xy) = -\frac{4dL(y)}{ds}

L(y'') = s²L(y) - sy(0) - y'(0) = s²L(y) -3s

L(y') = sL(y) - sy(0) - y(0) = sL(y) - 3

-\frac{d(s²L(y)-3s)}{ds} + sL(y)-\frac{4dL(y)}{ds} =0

-\frac{d(s²L(y))}{ds} + 3 + sL(y) - 3 -\frac{4dL(y)}{ds} =0

-\frac{d(s²L(y))}{ds} + sL(y) -\frac{4dL(y)}{ds} =0

-\frac{dL(y)(s²+4)}{ds} + sL(y) =0 (1)

\frac{dL(y)}{L(y)} = \frac{sds}{s²+4}

Integrating both sides

ln(L(y)) = \frac{ln(s²+4)}{2} + c

L(y) = c\sqrt{s²+4}

which won't lead me to the right answer.

I realized that if at (1) I use \frac{L(y)(s² + 4)}{ds} + sL(y) =0 instead I'll reach the right answer according to wolfram, but I can't figure out what I'm doing wrong to end up with that negative sign.

http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=xy''+++y'+++4xy+=+0,+y(0)+=+3,+y'(0)+=+0
 
Last edited:
Physics news on Phys.org
roughwinds said:
xy'' + y' + 4xy = 0, y(0) = 3, y'(0) = 0

L(xy'') = -\frac{dL(y'')}{ds}

L(4xy) = -\frac{4dL(y)}{ds}

L(y'') = s²L(y) - sy(0) - y'(0) = s²L(y) -3s

L(y') = sL(y) - sy(0) - y(0) = sL(y) - 3

-\frac{d(s²L(y)-3s)}{ds} + sL(y)-\frac{4dL(y)}{ds} =0

-\frac{d(s²L(y))}{ds} + 3 + sL(y) - 3 -\frac{4dL(y)}{ds} =0

-\frac{s²L(y)}{ds} + sL(y) -\frac{4dL(y)}{ds} =0

-\frac{L(y)(s²+4)}{ds} + sL(y) =0 (1)

\frac{dL(y)}{L(y)} = \frac{sds}{s²+4}

Integrating both sides

ln(L(y)) = \frac{ln(s²+4)}{2} + c

L(y) = c\sqrt{s²+4}

which won't lead me to the right answer.

I realized that if at (1) I use \frac{L(y)(s² + 4)}{ds} + sL(y) =0 instead I'll reach the right answer according to wolfram, but I can't figure out what I'm doing wrong to end up with that negative sign.

http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=xy''+++y'+++4xy+=+0,+y(0)+=+3,+y'(0)+=+0
Something went wrong from:
-\frac{d(s²L(y))}{ds} + 3 + sL(y) - 3 -\frac{4dL(y)}{ds} =0
to
-\frac{s²L(y)}{ds} + sL(y) -\frac{4dL(y)}{ds} =0

Check what you did with the ##-\frac{d(s²L(y))}{ds}## term.
 
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: roughwinds
Samy_A said:
Something went wrong from:
-\frac{d(s²L(y))}{ds} + 3 + sL(y) - 3 -\frac{4dL(y)}{ds} =0
to
-\frac{s²L(y)}{ds} + sL(y) -\frac{4dL(y)}{ds} =0

Check what you did with the ##-\frac{d(s²L(y))}{ds}## term.
It's supposed to be
-\frac{d(s²L(y))}{ds} + sL(y) -\frac{4dL(y)}{ds} =0
fixed it on the original post.
 
roughwinds said:
It's supposed to be
-\frac{d(s²L(y))}{ds} + sL(y) -\frac{4dL(y)}{ds} =0
fixed it on the original post.
Ok, so now continue your derivation from that.
 
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: roughwinds
Samy_A said:
Ok, so now continue your derivation from that.
-\frac{d(s²L(y))}{ds} = -2sL(y) - \frac{s²d(L(y))}{ds}
-2sL(y) - \frac{s²d(L(y))}{ds} + sL(y) -\frac{4dL(y)}{ds} =0
- \frac{s²d(L(y))}{ds} - sL(y) -\frac{4dL(y)}{ds} =0
\frac{s²d(L(y))}{ds} + sL(y) +\frac{4dL(y)}{ds} =0
\frac{d(L(y))(s²+4)}{ds} + sL(y) =0

Thanks, I initially solved as if s² wasn't part of the derivative.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
3K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
1K
  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
2K
Replies
9
Views
2K
Replies
9
Views
2K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
1K