Special Relativity 2-D Collision Problem

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on a special relativity problem involving a particle of mass M at rest that decays into three identical particles of mass m. Two particles travel at relativistic speeds of 4c/5 and 3c/5 in the -x and -y directions, respectively. The third particle's speed is calculated to be 0.9c, and the mass ratio M/m is determined to be 5.21. The solution employs conservation of momentum and energy principles, confirming that the components of relativistic momentum are equal.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of special relativity concepts, particularly momentum and energy conservation.
  • Familiarity with relativistic equations, specifically ρ = mvγ and E = mc²γ.
  • Knowledge of vector decomposition in two-dimensional motion.
  • Ability to solve quadratic equations and manipulate algebraic expressions.
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  • Study the implications of relativistic momentum in multi-particle systems.
  • Learn about the Lorentz factor (γ) and its role in relativistic physics.
  • Explore two-dimensional collision problems in special relativity.
  • Investigate energy conservation in particle decay scenarios.
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Students and educators in physics, particularly those focusing on special relativity, particle physics, and momentum conservation principles.

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Homework Statement


This is my first time posting here, so please let me know if I do not have the proper format.

A particle of mass M is at rest in the laboratory when it decays into three identical particles, each of mass m. Two of the particles have velocities and directions as shown (one travels in the -x direction with a speed of 4c/5 and another travels in the -y direction with a speed of 3c/5. Calculate the direction and speed of the third particle (shown on the diagram moving with +x and +y components at some angle above the x axis) and find the ratio M/m.

I'm not sure (1) if the way I solved for v and the ratio is correct and (2) how to find the direction of the third particle. I originally solved it by saying the components of momentum are equal, but I don't think that would be correct because it is relativistic. Any help would be greatly appreciated!

Homework Equations



ρ = mv[itex]\gamma[/itex]
E = mc2[itex]\gamma[/itex]

The Attempt at a Solution



By conservation of momentum, ρi = ρf, so:
0 = (3/4)mc + (4/3)mc + v3[itex]\gamma[/itex]3
v3[itex]\gamma[/itex]3 = -(3/4)c - (4/3)c

After plugging in gamma to solve for v3:
v/sqrt(1-v2/c2) = -(25/12)c
v = +/- sqrt(c2/((144/625) + 1))
v = 0.9c

By conservation of energy, Ei = Ef, so:
Mc2 = (5/4)mc2 + (5/3)mc2 + 2.294mc2 where 2.294 is [itex]\gamma[/itex]3 (found using v solved for above)

so M = 5.21m
M/m = 5.21
 
Last edited:
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Never mind, I think I got the answer. The components of relativistic momentum are just equal.
 

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