Surface integral, spherical coordinates, earth

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the surface area of the Earth above 50 degrees latitude North using spherical coordinates. The initial integral setup was incorrect, leading to an erroneous result of 0.321 instead of the correct value of 0.117. The correct approach involves adjusting the limits of the integral for the polar angle θ, which should range from 0 to 40 degrees. This adjustment is crucial for accurately determining the surface area fraction.

PREREQUISITES
  • Spherical coordinates and their applications in surface integrals
  • Understanding of the determinant of the metric tensor in differential geometry
  • Knowledge of integral calculus, specifically double integrals
  • Familiarity with trigonometric functions and their properties
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of surface area formulas in spherical coordinates
  • Learn about the determinant of the metric tensor in the context of surface integrals
  • Explore the concept of latitude and its relation to spherical polar coordinates
  • Practice solving surface integrals with varying limits of integration
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Students in mathematics or physics, particularly those studying calculus and differential geometry, as well as educators looking for examples of surface area calculations in spherical coordinates.

HmBe
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Homework Statement



Find the surface area of the Earth (as a fraction of the total surface of the earth) that lies above 50 degrees latitude North.




Homework Equations



$$A = \int_R\sqrt{|\det(g)|}d\theta d\phi$$


The Attempt at a Solution



Hence I get

$$\int_0^{360} \int_{50}^{90} r^2 \sin(\theta) d\theta d\phi$$

Which gives 0.321 as the answer, which just isn't right. The actual answer I know should be 0.117, or

$$\frac{1-\sin(50)}{2}$$

I'm sure something must be wrong with my integral, but I can't figure out what.
 
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HmBe said:

Homework Statement



Find the surface area of the Earth (as a fraction of the total surface of the earth) that lies above 50 degrees latitude North.




Homework Equations



$$A = \int_R\sqrt{|\det(g)|}d\theta d\phi$$


The Attempt at a Solution



Hence I get

$$\int_0^{360} \int_{50}^{90} r^2 \sin(\theta) d\theta d\phi$$

Which gives 0.321 as the answer, which just isn't right. The actual answer I know should be 0.117, or

$$\frac{1-\sin(50)}{2}$$

I'm sure something must be wrong with my integral, but I can't figure out what.

In the northern hemisphere, the spherical polar coordinate \theta is equal to 90^{\circ} minus the latitude. Thus the correct limits of the \theta integral are 0 and 40^{\circ}.
 
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