Transfer data from memory to register / register to memory?

[vead]

hello
I need some help. I created one example to understand some basic
component
ram memory
A accumulator 4bit
R1 resistor 4 bit ( R1 is temporary data storage register )

• Register memory address bus - 2 bits (RA0,1);
• Register memory data bus - 4 bits (RD0~3);
• Register memory read enable;
• Register memory write enable.

Load the data directly with register R1
mov R1 # data

stored the content R1 register into register memory
Q1 how to write data (stored in R1) to register memory ?

load the data from memory register and store into A accumulator
Q2 how to read the content of R1 and stored into A register ?

 

[Mark44]

hello
I need some help. I created one example to understand some basic
component
ram memory
A accumulator 4bit
R1 resistor 4 bit ( R1 is temporary data storage register )

• Register memory address bus - 2 bits (RA0,1);
• Register memory data bus - 4 bits (RD0~3);
• Register memory read enable;
• Register memory write enable.

Load the data directly with register R1
mov R1 # data

stored the content R1 register into register memory
Q1 how to write data (stored in R1) to register memory ?

A register already is memory, so there's no difference between writing directly to, say, register R1 and writing to register memory.

load the data from memory register and store into A accumulator
Q2 how to read the content of R1 and stored into A register ?

Since you are designing the instruction set for this hypothetical microprocessor, you should already have an instruction to do this. Something like mov A, R1. That will read the value in R1 and write it to the accumulator (A).

 

[vead]

A register already is memory, so there's no difference between writing directly to, say, register R1 and writing to register memory.

Since you are designing the instruction set for this hypothetical microprocessor, you should already have an instruction to do this. Something like mov A, R1. That will read the value in R1 and write it to the accumulator (A).

instruction set for this hypothetical microprocessor

suppose we have 8 bit instruction

first 4 bit for opcode and last 4 bit for register specification I have following component component
ram memory
A accumulator 4bit
R1 resistor 4 bit ( R1 is temporary data storage register )

4 bit opcode +2 bit source register +2 bit destination register + 2 bit data

MOV A #data
mov R1 # data
how does A register or R1 know that Its a source register or destination register ?

 

[Mark44]

instruction set for this hypothetical microprocessor

suppose we have 8 bit instruction

first 4 bit for opcode and last 4 bit for register specificationI have following component component
ram memory
A accumulator 4bit
R1 resistor 4 bit ( R1 is temporary data storage register )

4 bit opcode +2 bit source register +2 bit destination register + 2 bit data

MOV A #data
mov R1 # data
how does A register or R1 know that Its a source register or destination register ?

A register doesn't "know" anything. It's the mov instruction that determines which register is read from (the source) and which register is written to (the destination).

 

[vead]

A register doesn't "know" anything. It's the mov instruction that determines which register is read from (the source) and which register is written to (the destination).

look at my another effort

Instruction set

• opcode - instruction name
• operand - data or address

6 bit opcode +mode +5 bit source register + 6 bit for destination register
Mode
0 address (without #)
1 number (with #)

Opcode         instruction       mode                           example
000000          nop                  0 address                           ------
000001          Load                1 number                       Ld A # 12
000010          Load                0 address                       Ld 12
000100          Add                  0 address                       Add 12
001000          Add                  1 number                        Add A # 12
010000          Sub                  0 address                       Sub 12
100000          Sub                  1 number                        Sub A # 12
111111          Store               0 address                         ST 12

I wrote few instruction just for example .I have 256 instruction

Assembly code
loads the number 12 into the accumulator

Ld A # 12

Bianry code

000001 1 00000 001100

Assembly code

Add # 12
Add the number 12 into the accumulator

binary code

001000 1 00000 001100

stores the result into memory location 12

ST 12
Memory
address number
11 10
12 24
13 05
saves the accumulator result (24) to the memory address 12
Bianry code

001000 0 00000 001100

Assembly code

Ld A # 12
Add A # 12
ST 12

binary code

000001 1 00000 001100
001000 1 00000 001100
001000 0 00000 001100

Ld A #5
Ld R1#3
Add A,R1
look this example here I am using source and destination register

my main problem that I don't understand how to specify the operand ?

If I have accumulator , memory register R1,R2 R3.....etc
Q1 how to know that which register use as source register or destination register . ?
because both accumulator and memory register can be used as source or destination

Q2how to make binary sequence for instruction set ( opcode source and destination register ) ?

I already made some sequence but I am getting problem when I try to make binary sequence for following example
Add A,R1

 

[Mark44]

look at my another effort

Instruction set

• opcode - instruction name
• operand - data or address

6 bit opcode +mode +5 bit source register + 6 bit for destination register
Mode
0 address (without #)
1 number (with #)

Opcode         instruction       mode                           example
000000          nop                  0 address                           ------
000001          Load                1 number                       Ld A # 12
000010          Load                0 address                       Ld 12
000100          Add                  0 address                       Add 12
001000          Add                  1 number                        Add A # 12
010000          Sub                  0 address                       Sub 12
100000          Sub                  1 number                        Sub A # 12
111111          Store               0 address                         ST 12

I wrote few instruction just for example .I have 256 instruction

Assembly code
loads the number 12 into the accumulator

Ld A # 12

Bianry code

000001 1 00000 001100

Assembly code

Add # 12
Add the number 12 into the accumulator

binary code

001000 1 00000 001100

stores the result into memory location 12

ST 12
Memory
address number
11 10
12 24
13 05
saves the accumulator result (24) to the memory address 12
Bianry code

001000 0 00000 001100

Assembly code

Ld A # 12
Add A # 12
ST 12

binary code

000001 1 00000 001100
001000 1 00000 001100
001000 0 00000 001100

Ld A #5
Ld R1#3
Add A,R1
look this example here I am using source and destination register

my main problem that I don't understand how to specify the operand ?

Do it the same way as you did the examples just before this (i.e., Ld A #12, Add A, #12, ST 12).
You're already specifying the operand in your binary code. For example, taking one of your examples above, you have
000001 1 00000 001100
Taking these in groups from left to right, we have:
000001 - Load
1 - number
00000 - accumulator
001100 - immediate value 12

If I have accumulator , memory register R1,R2 R3.....etc
Q1 how to know that which register use as source register or destination register . ?
because both accumulator and memory register can be used as source or destination

Q2how to make binary sequence for instruction set ( opcode source and destination register ) ?

I already made some sequence but I am getting problem when I try to make binary sequence for following example
Add A,R1

I don't understand why this is so difficult for you. You have already specified how the bits in the binary code mean.

6 bit opcode +mode +5 bit source register + 6 bit for destination register