Two objects have unequal masses, m1>m2; which object has greater momentum?

  • Thread starter Thread starter DavidAp
  • Start date Start date
  • Tags Tags
    Momentum
AI Thread Summary
In a scenario where two objects have unequal masses (m1 > m2) but equal kinetic energies, the question arises regarding which object has greater momentum. The calculations show that momentum is proportional to the square root of mass, leading to the conclusion that the object with the smaller mass can have greater momentum if its velocity is sufficiently higher. A mathematical approach confirms that if m1 has a lower velocity than m2, the momentum of m2 can exceed that of m1 despite its smaller mass. A counterexample demonstrates that with specific values, the momentum of the lighter object can indeed be greater. Thus, the relationship between mass, velocity, and momentum is critical in determining which object has greater momentum under these conditions.
DavidAp
Messages
44
Reaction score
0
Two objects have unequal masses, m1 > m2. If their kinetic energies are equal, which has the greater momentum?

This is the way I approached this problem. I know that,
Momentum = mass*velocity
K = 1/2mv^2


So, I solved for v since it is the only unknown in these two equations.
k = 1/2mv^2
2k/m = v^2
√2k/m = v

And plugged it into the first equation for momentum.
Momentum = m√2k/m
= √m^2*√2k/m
= √m^2 2k/m
= √2k m

However, since 2k is a constant between the two massess I removed them from the equation giving me Momentum = √m

Since m1>m2 I thought it was safe to say that the momentum of object 1 is greater than the momentum of object 2; however, I was wrong. According to the answer the momentum of m2 is greater than m1 so I'm just wonder, why?

Is my math wrong, am I not suppose to join these two equation? If somebody can help I would greatly appreciate it. Thank you for taking the time to review my question.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Fascinating problem and solution!
You have momentum = constant * sqrt(m).
So the one with the bigger m has the bigger momentum.
Makes sense.

Another approach is the say ½m1v1² = ½m2v2²
so m1*v1 = m2*v2²/v1
momentum1 = m2*v2*v2/v1
momentum 1 = momentum2*v2/v1
The first line ½m1v1² = ½m2v2² with m1 > m2 implies v1 < v2
so v2/v1 is larger than 1 and momentum1 must be larger than momentum2.

Your conclusion has been found correct by two methods . . .
A single counterexample can disprove the textbook answer.
Say m1=4, v1 = 1, m2=1, . Then v2 = 2 to make the energies equal.
p1 = 4*1 = 4, p2 = 1*2 = 2.
 
Thread 'Variable mass system : water sprayed into a moving container'
Starting with the mass considerations #m(t)# is mass of water #M_{c}# mass of container and #M(t)# mass of total system $$M(t) = M_{C} + m(t)$$ $$\Rightarrow \frac{dM(t)}{dt} = \frac{dm(t)}{dt}$$ $$P_i = Mv + u \, dm$$ $$P_f = (M + dm)(v + dv)$$ $$\Delta P = M \, dv + (v - u) \, dm$$ $$F = \frac{dP}{dt} = M \frac{dv}{dt} + (v - u) \frac{dm}{dt}$$ $$F = u \frac{dm}{dt} = \rho A u^2$$ from conservation of momentum , the cannon recoils with the same force which it applies. $$\quad \frac{dm}{dt}...
TL;DR Summary: I came across this question from a Sri Lankan A-level textbook. Question - An ice cube with a length of 10 cm is immersed in water at 0 °C. An observer observes the ice cube from the water, and it seems to be 7.75 cm long. If the refractive index of water is 4/3, find the height of the ice cube immersed in the water. I could not understand how the apparent height of the ice cube in the water depends on the height of the ice cube immersed in the water. Does anyone have an...
Back
Top